Key Terms & Definitions Flashcards
1
Q
An inflamed area of pus walled off by a membrane
A
Abscess
2
Q
A condition that presents itself after birth
A
Acquired
3
Q
Hyperfunction of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland after ossification has been completed
A
Acromegaly
4
Q
A disease with more of less rapid onset and short duration
A
Acute
5
Q
A rare endocrine disorder, occurring when the adrenal glands fail to produce enough of the hormones cortisol or aldosterone
A
Addison’s disease
6
Q
A fibrous band holding parts together that are normally separated, resulting during the healing process after wounds
A
Adhesion
7
Q
Having a hypersensitivity to a substance that does not normally cause a reaction
A
Allergies
8
Q
Congenital absence of one or more limbs
A
Amelia
9
Q
A waxy, translucent, complex protein that resembles starch.
A
Amyloid
10
Q
A form of cellular degeneration present in diseases like Alzheimer’s disease
A
Amyloid degeneration
11
Q
Generalized massive edema in subcutaneous tissue
A
Anasarca
12
Q
A decrease in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, or both
A
Anemia
13
Q
A localized dilation (abnormal enlargement or bulging) of a blood vessel
A
Aneurysm
14
Q
Chest pain due to lack of oxygenation of the heart muscle resulting from inadequate blood flow
A
Angina
15
Q
Mutual opposition or contrary action. The inhibition of one bacterium by another
A
Antagonism
16
Q
Glycoprotein substances developed in response to and interacting specifically with an antigen
A
Antibodies
17
Q
Immunoglobulins are also called
A
Antibodies
18
Q
A foreign substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies that intersect specifically with it
A
Antigen
19
Q
Preventing or inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms
A
Antisepsis
20
Q
Failure of a tissue or an organ to develop normally due to an absence of cells
A
Aplasia
21
Q
Loss of the normal beating rhythm of the heart
A
Arrhythmia
22
Q
Disease of the arteries resulting in thickening and the loss of elasticity
A
Arteriosclerosis
23
Q
Accumulation of free serous fluid in the abdominal cavity
A
Ascites
24
Q
The inability to take in necessary amounts of oxygen
A
Asphyxia
25
A sometimes chronic condition in which the bronchi are hypersensitive to stimuli
Asthma
26
A collapsed lung or the failure of the lung of a fetus to expand fully at birth. Technically it is the loss of lung volume due to inadequate expansion of airspaces, which results in inadequate oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange with the lungs
Atelectasis
27
The most common form of arteriosclerosis, marked by cholesterol, lipid, and calcium deposits in the walls of arteries
Atherosclerosis
28
A wasting, decrease in size of an organ or tissue
Atrophy
29
Dilution or weakening of the virulence of a microorganism, reducing or abolishing its pathogenicity
Attenuation
30
The process by which an organism digests its own cells through enzymes that are naturally present in the cell or in surrounding tissues; this normally occurs after the cell or tissue has died
Autolysis
31
Self-nourishing, capable of growing in the absence of organic compounds. Organisms that obtain carbon from carbon dioxide.
Autotrophic
32
Any rod-shaped microorganism
Bacillus (pl. bacilli)
33
A prokaryotic one-celled microorganism of the kingdom Monera, existing as free-living organisms or as parasites, multiplying by binary fission, and having a large range of biochemical properties
Bacteria
34
A visible group of bacteria growing on a solid medium, presumably arising from a single microorganism
Bacterial colony
35
Agents that destroy bacteria but not necessarily their spores
Bactericides
36
Science that studies bacteria
Bacteriology
37
Not recurrent or progressive; nonmalignant
Benign
38
A method of asexual reproduction in bacteria in which cells split into two parts, each of which develops into a complete individual
Binary fission
39
An animal vector in which the disease-causing organism multiplies or develops within the animal prior to becoming infective for a susceptible individual
Biological vector
40
An inflammation of the bronchi, which are the main air passages to the lungs
Bronchitis
41
Infected lymph nodes associated with bubonic plague or other diseases
Buboes
42
Inflammation of the bursae in certain joints of the body
Bursitis
43
A state of ill health, malnutrition, and wasting of the body. It may occur in many chronic diseases, malignancies, and infections
Cachexia
44
The depositing of calcium salts, magnesium, iron, and other minerals within the cells
Calcification
45
Several communicating boils of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with the production and discharge of pus and dead tissue
Carbuncle
46
Cheese-like
Caseous
47
________ __________ is characterized by pink areas of necrotic tissue surrounded by inflammatory granules
Caseous necrosis
48
Any injury or disease that produces a physiological derangement in the body that results in the death of the individual. Examples include gunshot wounds, stab wounds, lung cancer, or blood clots
Cause of death
49
Formation of cavities in an organ or tissue, frequently seen in some forms of tuberculosis
Cavitation
50
A hard, primary ulcer due to syphilis infection appearing approximately two to three weeks after infection
Chancre
51
The movement of white blood cells to an area of inflammation in response to the release of chemical mediators by neutrophils, monocytes, and injured tissues
Chemotaxis
52
A large group of nonmotile, gram-negative, intracellular parasites
Chlamydia
53
A disease with more ore less slow onset and long duration
Chronic
54
Congenitally malformed palate with a fissure along the midline
Cleft palate
55
Study of disease performed in the laboratory by means of body secretions, excretions, and other body fluids
Clinical pathology
56
A bacterial enzyme that causes blood to clot by converting fibrinogen into fibrin
Coagulase
57
A type of bacteria that is spherical or ovoid in form
Coccus (pl. cocci)
58
A surgical procedure to create an opening of a portion of the colon through the abdominal wall to its skin surface.
Colostomy
59
A _________ is established in cases of distal obstruction; inflammatory process, including perforation; and when the distal colon or rectum is surgically resected
colostomy
60
The symbiotic relationship of two organisms of different species in which one organism gains some benefit such as protection or nourishment
Commensalism
61
A disease that may be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another
Communicable
62
Unfavorable conditions arising during the course of disease
Complications
63
A traumatic head injury of sufficient force to bruise the brain, which often involves the surface of the brain and can cause an extravasation of blood without rupture of the meninges. It can result in temporary loss of consciousness, paralysis, vomiting, and seizures
Concussion
64
Condition existing at the time of birth or shortly thereafter
Congenital
65
Accumulation of an excess of blood or tissue fluid in a body part
Congestion
66
The act of introducing disease germs or infectious material into an area or substance
Contamination
67
A bruise, often accompanied by swelling
Contusion
68
Abnormal, violent, and involuntary contraction or series of contractions of the muscles
Convulsions
69
A hypothyroid condition of infants and children in which the thyroid gland does not secrete sufficient quantities of thyroid hormones
Cretinism
70
Believed to be caused by a prion, a progressive disease that causes spongiform- porous, like a sponge- degeneration of the brain
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
71
Failure of the testis to descend from its intra-abdominal location into the scrotum
Cryptorchism (or cryptorchidism)
72
An iatrogenic disorder of the adrenal glands due to chronic glucocorticoid hormone therapy
Cushing's syndrome
73
Bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membrane due to lack of oxygen
Cyanosis
74
A sac within or on the body surface containing air or fluid
Cyst
75
A pressure sore, or bedsore
Decubitus ulcer
76
A lack of dietary or metabolic substance that can lead to disease
Deficiency
77
The deterioration of tissues with corresponding functional impairment as a result of disease or injury
Degeneration
78
Loss of moisture from body tissue that may occur antemortem or postmortem
Dehydration
79
A progressive, irreversible decline in mental function, marked by memory impairment and, often, deficits in reasoning, judgment, abstract thought, registration, comprehension, learning, task execution, and use of language
Dementia
80
A wide variety of fungi that can infect the integumentary system
Dermatrophytes
81
Term denoting the naming of the disease or syndrome; the recognition of the nature of a disease
Diagnosis
82
A process of diffusing blood across a semipermeable membrane to remove toxic materials and to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance in cases of impaired kidney function or absence of the kidneys
Dialysis
83
The pathological condition of the heart being enlarged due to a stretching of the muscle fibers, occurring normally, artificially, or as a result of disease
Dilatation
84
A double bacillus, two being linked end to end to each other
Diplobacilli
85
Any of various spherical bacteria appearing in pairs
Diplococci
86
A chemical or physical agent that kills disease-causing microorganisms; generally used on inanimate objects
Disinfectant
87
Resistant, as in bacteria, to the action of a drug or drugs
Drug-fast
88
Condition that results when the body part that dies had little blood and remains aseptic; occurs when the arteries but not the veins are obstructed
Dry gangrene (ischemic necrosis)
89
Abnormal development of tissue
Dysplasia
90
Shortness of breath
Dyspnea
91
Small, nonelevated hemorrhagic patch; extravasation of blood into a tissue. Scientific name for a common bruise
Ecchymosis
92
The occurrence of seizures during pregnancy, which cannot be attributed to another cause, after the 20th week of gestation
Eclampsia
93
The implantation of the fertilized ovum in a site other than the normal one in the uterine cavity
Ectopic pregnancy
94
A general term for a variety of inflammatory skin conditions. It is characterized by dry, red, extremely itchy patches on the skin that may ooze an inflammatory exudate
Eczema
95
Abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissue or body cavities
Edema
96
The state of being extremely lean
Emaciation
97
Sudden obstruction of a blood vessel by debris. Blood clots, cholesterol-containing plaques, masses of bacteria, cancer cells, amniotic fluid, fat from the marrow of broken bones, and injected substances (e.g., air bubbles or particulate matter) all may lodge in blood vessels and obstruct circulation
Embolism
98
A mass of undissolved matter present in the bloodstream
Embolus
99
___________ may be solid, liquid, or gaseous. Occlusions of the vessels from _________ usually result in the development of infarcts
Emboli
100
A chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory system, characterized by the presence of air pockets at the terminal ends of the the bronchioles
Emphysema
101
Pus in the pleural cavity
Empyema
102
Inflammation of the brain. When used clinically, the term refers to an infection of the brain caused by a virus
Encephalitis
103
A disease that is continuously present in a community
Endemic
104
Inflammation of the heart valves or the lining of the heart
Endocarditis
105
A condition, in which the tissue that normally lines the uterus, which is known as the endometrium, grows in other areas of the body, such as the pelvic area, the surface of the uterus, the ovaries, the intestines, the rectum, or the bladder
Endometriosis
106
Infection of the endometrium, which is the lining of the uterus
Endometritis
107
A thick-walled cell produced by a bacterium to enable it to survive unfavorable environmental conditions
Endospore
108
Bacterial toxin confined within the body of a bacterium freed only when the bacterium is broken down; found only in gram negative bacteria
Endotoxin
109
normal appearance of an infectious disease or condition within a given population
Epidemic
110
A disease caused by Rickettsia prowazekii, which grows in the intestinal tract of human body lice and flying squirrels in the eastern United States. It is transmitted when the human scratches the wound, rubbing the fecal material into the bite left by the human body louse
Epidemic typhus (louse-borne typhus)
111
A chronic neurogenic disease marked by sudden alterations in consciousness and frequently by convulsions. It is a recurrent degenerative disorder of the nervous system marked by repetitive abnormal electrical discharges within the brain known as seizures
Epilepsy
112
Bleeding from the nose
Epistaxis
113
An abnormally high red blood cell count
Erythrocytosis
114
An anthrax lesion characterized by a central mass of necrotic tissue surrounded by inflammatory vesicles
Eschar
115
The study of the cause of disease
Etiology
116
Increased severity of a disease
Exacerbate
117
Originating outside the body, an organ, or a part of the body
Exogenous infections
118
Loss of blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained
Exsanguination
119
Any fluid released from the body with a high concentration of protein, cells, or solid debris
Exudate
120
Having the capacity to do something that is not compulsory; in particular, having the ability to live or adapt to certain conditions
Facultative
121
Term associated with fever
Febrile
122
A quivering or spontaneous contraction of the individual cardiac cells
Fibrillation
123
Long, whip-like, filament-containing appendages that propel bacteria in liquid
Flagella
124
An infection in which organisms are originally confined to one area but enter the blood or lymph vessel and spread to other parts of the body
Focal infection
125
Any inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted
Fomite
126
Having rapid and severe onset, usually fatal
Fulminating
127
A condition or disease in which there are changes in physiologic activity, but no recognizable change in anatomy
Functional
128
A group of often filamentous unicellular and multicellular organisms lacking chlorophyll and usually bearing spores
Fungi
129
Agents that destroy fungi and their spores
Fungicides
130
An abscess due to pyogenic infection of a sweat gland or hair follicle
Furuncle
131
A term used to refer to several types of necrosis
Gangrene
132
An infection that becomes systemic
General infection
133
Deals with the study of the wide spread processes of disease such as inflammation, degeneration, necrosis or cellular death, repair, and so on without reference to particular organs or organ systems
General pathology
134
Substances that destroy microorganisms but not necessarily their spores
Germicides
135
Enlargement of the dysfunctional thyroid gland, often due to iodine deficiency and not associated with inflammation or cancer
Goiter
136
A form of arthritis due to a metabolic disorder resulting in the depositing of uric acid in the joints
Gout
137
A distinct type of hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune attack on the thyroid gland
Grave's disease
138
Study of changes in structure of the body as a result of disease that are readily seen with the unaided eye
Gross pathology
139
An infectious lesion consisting of a central necrotic mass surrounded by an inflammatory zone and fibrous deterioration of the tissues due to tertiary syphilis
Gumma
140
Vomiting of blood
Hematemesis
141
A swelling consisting of a mass of extravascular blood (usually clotted) confined to an organ, tissue, or space and caused by a break in a blood vessel
Hematoma
142
Blood in the urine
Hematuria
143
A hereditary bleeding disorder marked by a deficiency of blood clotting proteins
Hemophilia
144
Coughing up blood in the sputum
Hemoptysis
145
Escape of blood from the blood vascular system
Hemorrhage
146
An inflammatory disorder of the liver caused by a virus
Hepatitis
147
___________ is spread through body fluid contact and it can lead to either a chronic liver disease or death
Hepatitis B
148
Being genetically transmitted from parent to offspring
Hereditary
149
Abnormal protrusion of part of an organ through an opening in the wall that normally contains it
Hernia
150
Requiring complex organic food from a carbon source in order to grow and develop
Heterotrophic
151
The organism from which a microorganism obtains its nourishment
Host
152
A bacterial enzyme that penetrates the body's connective tissues, permitting the easy spread of infection throughout the body
Hyaluronidase
153
Abnormal collection of fluid in any sacculated cavity in the body, especially the scrotum
Hydrocele
154
Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain
Hydrocephalus
155
Distention of the pelvis and calyces of one or both kidneys with urine as a result of obstruction
Hydronephrosis
156
Abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac that surrounds the heart
Hydropericardium
157
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity
Hydrothorax
158
Increase flow of blood in an area of the body
Hyperemia
159
____________ ______________ is due to an excess of arterial blood, while ____________ ______________ is due to an excess of venous blood
Active hyperemia; passive hyperemia
160
The increased size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in the number of its cells
Hyperplasia
161
High blood pressure based on three readings spread out over several weeks in which blood pressure is higher 140 millimeters of mercury systolic or 90 millimeters of mercury diastolic
Hypertension
162
Hyperfunction of the thyroid gland
Hyperthyroidism
163
The enlargement of an organ or tissue due to the increase in size of cells composing it
Hypertrophy
164
Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or the body
Hypoplasia
165
Body temperature below 80 degrees F (27 degrees C)
Hypothermia
166
Depletion of oxygen in the cells and tissues
Hypoxia
167
Resulting from the adverse activity of medical treatment
Iatrogenic
168
Another name for jaundice
Icterus
169
Of unknown cause (example: sudden infant death syndrome)
Idiopathic
170
Plant life occurring or adapted for living in a specific environment
Indigenous flora
171
The formation of an area of necrosis in a tissue caused by obstruction in the artery supplying the area
Infarction
172
The state or condition in which the body or a part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects
Infection
173
The harboring of animal parasites, especially macroscopic forms, such as ticks or mosquitoes
Infestation
174
The process of seepage or diffusion into tissue of substances that are not ordinarily present
Infiltration
175
A tissue reaction to irritation, infection, or injury marked by localized heat, swelling, redness, pain, and sometimes loss of function.
Inflammation
176
An immunological defense against injury, infection, or allergy, marked by increases in regional blood flow, immigration of white blood cells, and release of chemical toxins
Inflammation
177
A condition in which part of the intestine bulges through a weakened area in the muscles in the inguinal canal, which is located in the groin
Inguinal hernia
178
Agents that destroy insects
Insecticides
179
State of being intoxicated, especially of being poisoned by a drug or toxic substance
Intoxication
180
Extravasation of blood within the skull
Intracranial hemorrhage
181
The slipping of one part of the intestine into another part just below it; becoming unsheathed
Intussuception
182
Reduction in arterial blood supply
Ischemia
183
Another term for dry gangrene
Ischemic necrosis
184
Condition characterized by excessive concentration of bilirubin in the skin and tissues and deposition of excessive bile pigment in the skin, cornea, body fluids, and mucous membranes with the resulting yellow appearance of the patient
Jaundice
185
Agents that destroy insect larvae
Larvicides
186
Inflammation of the larynx (voice box)
Laryngitis
187
A circumscribed area of pathologically altered tissue; a single patch in a skin disease
Lesion
188
Cancer of the blood characterized by the appearance of great numbers of immature and abnormal white blood cells, 10 to 100 times that of the normal range
Leukemia
189
Increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood. It can be caused by infection, trauma, or medications (e.g., corticosteriods). Not to be confused with the similarly named cancer
Leukocytosis
190
Abnormal reduction in the number of white blood cells in the blood
Leukopenia
191
A bacterial enzyme that acts with the oils and fats secreted by the sebaceous glands allowing bacteria to colonize in the skin
Lipase
192
Infection caused by germs lodging and multiplying at one point in a tissue and remaining there
Local infection
193
A procedure during which a surgeon removes a lump and an are of healthy tissue around its edges from the breast
Lumpectomy
194
Enlargement of lymph nodes
Lymphadenopathy
195
An inflammatory disorder of the lymph vessels, characterized by local and systemic pain
Lymphangitis
196
Malignancy of lymphoid tissue
Lymphoma
197
A febrile disease of the blood characterized by chills and fever. It is caused by a protozoan and spread by mosquito bite.
Malaria
198
A defect or deformity
Malformation (anomaly)
199
Tending or threatening to produce death; harmful. Concerning cancerous growths: growing worse, resisting treatment
Malignant
200
Explanation of how the cause of death came about. Generally classified on death certificates as either natural, homicide, suicide, accident, or undetermined/unclassified
Manner of death
201
The surgical removal of a portion of the breast or the entire breast
Mastectomy
202
Temperature above which bacterial growth will not take place
Maximum temperature
203
A living organism or an object that is capable of transmitting infections by carrying the disease agent on its external body part or surface
Mechanical vector
204
The physiological derangement produced by the cause of death that results in death. Examples include bleeding, blood poisoning, or a faulty heartbeat
Mechanism of death
205
Study of disease to ascertain cause and manner of death as related to a criminal investigation
Medicolegal pathology (forensic pathology)
206
Black, tarry feces caused by the digestion of blood in the gastrointestinal tract; common in newborns
Melena
207
An infection of the cerebrospinal fluid, which is the fluid surrounding the spinal cord and brain
Meningitis
208
Bacteria that prefer moderate temperature and develop best at temperatures between 25-40 degrees C
Mesophiles
209
Replacement of one type of tissue by a form that is not normally found there
Metaplasia
210
The spread of cancer from its primary site to a distant location in the body
Metastasis
211
Requiring little free oxygen
Microaerophilic
212
Scientific study of microorganisms and their effect on other living organisms
Microbiology
213
Study of microscopic changes that cells, tissues, and organs undergo as a result of disease
Microscopic pathology (histopathology)
214
Temperature below which bacterial growth will not take place
Minimum temperature
215
Infection caused by two or more organisms
Mixed infection
216
Necrotic tissue that is wet as a result of inadequate venous drainage, accompanied by the invasion of saprophytic bacteria
Moist gangrene (wet gangrene)
217
An infectious inflammatory disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus
Mononucleosis
218
Relative incidence of a disease in the population or number of cases in a given time in a given population
Morbidity rate
219
The study of the size, shape, and arrangements of microorganisms
Morphology
220
Number of deaths in a given time or place or proportion of deaths to a population
Mortality rate
221
infectious disease of the parotid salivary glands caused by the mumps virus
Mumps
222
A symbiotic relationship in which two different species live in close association to the mutual benefit of each other
Mutualism
223
The branch of science concerned with the study of fungi
Mycology
224
The smallest free-living organisms presently known, being intermediate in size between viruses and bacteria; bacteria of the ______ genus that are found in humans, most having no cell wall
Mycoplasmas
225
The clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism that includes an infiltration of the skin by a thick, gelatinous substance formed from the bonding of water and mucopolysaccarides, which gives the skin a waxy or coarsened appearance.
Myxedema
226
Pathological death of a tissue while still a part of the living organism.
Necrosis
227
An abnormal mass of tissue exhibiting excessive and uncontrolled multiplication of cells
Neoplasms (tumors)
228
A colorless, odorless inert gas. ____________ compounds are found in foods, organic materials, fertilizers, poisons, and explosives. Formaldehyde and __________ react to form urotropin, which neutralizes the effectiveness of formaldehyde as an embalming preservative for human remains.
Nitrogen
229
Infection acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting
Nosocomial
230
A disease with an abnormally high rate of occurrence in members of a particular workforce
Occupational disease
231
Inflammation of the ovaries
Oophoritis
232
An organism that exists as part of the normal flora but can become pathogenic under certain conditions
Opportunist
233
Temperature at which organisms grow best
Optimum temperature
234
An acute inflammatory reaction in the testicle
Orchitis
235
A condition or disease in which there is a change in anatomy
Organic
236
Pressure that develops when two solutions of different concentrations are separated by a semipermeable membrane
Osmotic pressure
237
A disease marked by softening of the bones due to faulty calcification in adulthood
Osteomalacia
238
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow
Osteomyelitis
239
Loss of bone mass that occurs throughout the skeleton, resulting in predisposition to bone fracture
Osteoporosis
240
A disease affecting the majority of the population of a large region or one that is epidemic at the same time in many different parts of the world
Pandemic
241
Loss of purposeful muscle movement, usually as a result of neurological disease, drugs, or toxins
Paralysis
242
An interactive relationship between two organisms in which one is harmed and other benefits
Parasitism
243
A respiratory disease caused by Chlamydia psittaci, which is a gram-negative, obligate intracellular rickettsia
Parrot fever
244
A microorganism capable of producing disease
Pathogen
245
The manner in which a disease develops
Pathogenesis
246
The state of producing or being able to produce pathological changes and disease
Pathogenicity
247
Study of structural changes in the body caused by disease
Pathological anatomy (morbid anatomy)
248
Science that deals with the study of disease
Pathology
249
Inflammation of the membranes that surround the heart
Pericarditis
250
Antemortem, pinpoint, extravascular blood discolorations visible as small red or purplish hemorrhages of the skin or mucous membranes
Petechiae
251
A process in which phagocytes (i.e., neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages) engulf and destroy microorganisms, other foreign antigens, and cell debris
Phagocytosis
252
Congenital condition in which the proximal portions of the limbs are poorly developed or absent
Phocomelia
253
Study of changes in body functions due to disease
Physiological pathology
254
Coloration caused by either deposit or lack of coloring material in tissues
Pigmentation
255
An inflammatory condition of the pleurae that surround the lungs
Pleurisy
256
Infection of the lungs
Pneumonia
257
A highly contagious infectious disease of the spinal cord caused by the poliovirus
Poliomyelitis
258
An increase in total red blood cell mass
Polycythemia vera
259
A birth defect characterized by extra fingers or toes
Polydactylism
260
A growth or mass of tissue that protrudes from a mucous membrane
Polyp
261
Excessive urination
Polyuria
262
The number of cases of disease present in a specified population at a given time
Prevalence
263
An original infection from which a second one develops
Primary infection
264
A small proteinaceous infectious particle that is resistant to most procedures that modify nucleic acids
Prion
265
Prediction of the outcome of disease
Prognosis
266
Inflammation of the prostate gland
Prostatitis
267
One-celled organisms of the kingdom Protista; most are unicellular although some are colonial
Protozoa
268
Science that deals with the study of protozoa
Protozoology
269
A chronic, inflammatory skin disease, characterized by red, thickened areas with silvery scales, most often on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back
Psoriasis
270
Bacteria that prefer cold, thriving at temperatures between 0-25 degrees C
Psychrophiles
271
Condition in which spontaneous bleeding occurs in the subcutaneous tissues, causing the appearance of purple patches on the skin
Purpura
272
Forming or containing pus
Purulent
273
Protein-rich fluid containing white blood cells, especially neutrophils, and cell debris produced during inflammation
Pus
274
A small elevation of the skin containing pus
Pustule
275
An acute, neutropic, infectious disease caused by a rhabdovirus known as the ______ virus
Rabies
276
Reappearance of symptoms after a period of remission (abatement)
Recurrence
277
The replacement of damaged cells with identical cells
Regeneration
278
Temporary cessation of symptoms of disease
Remission
279
Kidney stones
Renal calculi
280
Physical or mechanical restoration of damages or diseased tissue by the growth of healthy new cells- not necessarily the same type- or by surgery. The replacement of damaged tissue with fibrous connective tissue (scar tissue).
Repair
281
The natural habitat of a disease-causing organism
Reservoir
282
The ability of an organism to defend itself against infection and disease; the sum total of body mechanisms that interpose barriers to the progress of invasion, multiplication of infectious agents, or damage by their toxic products
Resistance
