week 9: integ sys Flashcards
describe wound care basics
- wash wound w mild soap and water and rinse
- avoid povidone-iodine, alc, and hydrogen peroxide (toxic to wounds)
- cover open wound; leave wide margin of intact skin around dressing, remove dressing if leakage; remove carefully
pruritus
most common complaint w skin lesions
itching
describe some relief of symptoms for integ sys
prevent scratching; mittens/covering for younger children, short nails, antipruritic meds
cooling baths or compresses
prevent scratching
- mittens/covering for younger children
- short nails
- antipruritic meds
infection of the skin
- bacterial infections
- abscess formation
- severity varies w skin integrity, immune and cellular defenses
what causes diaper dermatitis, describe some nursing considerations
- usually from irritation of urine and feces
- detergents inadequately rinsed from clothing
- chem irritation (from diaper wipes)
- nursing considerations: alter wetness, pH, and fecal irritants
- candidiasis of diaper area
describe atopic dermatitis (eczema)
- type of pruritic eczema that begins during infancy
- hereditary tendency
- often associated w history of food allergies, allergic rhinitis, and asthma
potential causes of burns in toddlers, older children
toddler: hot-water scalds
older children: flame-related burns
child abuse
child w matches or lighters accounts for 1 in 10 house fires
describe a first degree injury
superficial
sunburn, low-intensity flash, brief scald
looks dry surface; red; blanches on pressure and refills; minimal or no edema
painful; sensitive to touch
2nd degree burn
partial thickness
scalds; flash flame
blistered; moist; serious drainage; edema; mottled pink or red, reddened; blanches on pressure and refills
very painful; sensitive to touch
3rd degree burn
full thickness
fire; contact w hot objects
touch, leathery; marbled, pale, white, brown, tan, black, or red, does not blanch on pressure; dull, dry; edema
variable pain, often severe
4th degree burn
full thickness + underlying tissue
emergency care priorities for burns
- stop burning process
- assess victim’s condition
- cover burn to prevent contamination
- transport child to appropriate level of care
- provide reassurance
first priority for burn management
airway maintenance
when is fluid management replacement crucial in for burns
first 24 hrs
describe nutrition for burns
enhanced metabolic demands
what medications are good for burns
antibiotics, analgesics, anesthetics for procedural pain
what environment promotes wound healing for burns
moist
