Week 9: Group History & Collective Memory

Question 1

What is group history?

Answer 1

Group history is part of how we define our group membership, and the basis for collective memory

Question 2

What is collective memory?

Answer 2

Collective memory is conceptions of a shared past within a group that provides an important basis for defining the groups values, morals, and identity.

Question 3

Is group history/collective memory objective?

Answer 3

No, they are socially constructed narrative based on real events but framed in a selective/biased way to serve the groups needs.

Question 4

How do we contest group history and collective memory?

Answer 4

Can be contested through social representations of history to create a pats that supports what we need in the present.

Question 5

What is collective psychological ownership?

Answer 5

An entitlement and right to determine the rules and codes of conduct in society, which is key to control over a region

Question 6

What are the two ways collective psychological ownership can come from?

Answer 6

• Native ownership: First to inhabit
• Founder ownership: First to establish

Question 7

What does Autochthony mean?

Answer 7

“Sprung from the land” - denotes territorial claims/ownership

Question 8

What can ownership beliefs be used to justify?

Answer 8

• Exclusion of other groups
• Prejudice towards immigrants
• Support for status quo and backlash against social change

Question 9

What are the two reactions that ownership beliefs predict?

Answer 9

• A feeling of power which define a special position in society
• Support for reactionary movements against change

Question 10

What is collective victimization?

Answer 10

The objective infliction of violence from one group to another, and can be either direct or structural.

Question 11

What is direct collective victimization?

Answer 11

The involvement of collective slavery, hate crimes, or war

Question 12

What is structural collective victimization?

Answer 12

The involvement of discrimination in housing, education, and or employment

Question 13

What is collective victimhood? and it’s two types?

Answer 13

The psychological experiences and consequences of collective victimhood, affecting group members beyond initial violence. There in inclusive and exclusive.

Question 14

What is inclusive collective victimhood?

Answer 14

There is a perceived similarity between the suffering of ones group and other groups, associated with reconciliation and improved intergroup relations.

Question 15

What is exclusive collective victimhood?

Answer 15

Focus on how one person’s group has suffered in a distinct and unique way, associated with competitive victimhood, intergroup hostility, and violence.

Question 16

How does continuity effect collective victimhood/resilience?

Answer 16

Collective resilience and victimhood both increase collective continuity in a group, leading to more support for social justice groups such as BLM.

Question 17

What are the three implications of collective resillience?

Answer 17

• Highlights importance of resilience in a collective memory.
• Offers a blueprint for responses to ongoing oppression.
• Moves beyond studying oppression through victimhood alone.

Question 18

What is collective continuity?

Answer 18

A sense that a group’s belief, values, and customs have been passed down through generations and will continue past the individual, providing symbolic immortality, and a source of meaning, wellbeing and security for group members.

Question 19

What are the two types of collective continuity?

Answer 19

• Historical
• Cultural

Question 20

What did Chandler and Lalonde find in 1998 regarding the role of cultural continuity in youth suicide rates in British Columbia’s first nations?

Answer 20

Suicide rates were higher when there was no cultural continuity, specifically:
- Self-governed
- Land claims
- Education
- Health
- Cultural facilities
- Police and Fire departments

Question 21

What are the two judgements that collective continuity can be judged by?

Answer 21

• Desired continuity: How much collective continuity is considered to be desirable?
• Actual continuity: How much collective continuity actually exists in society?

Question 22

What are contested collective memories?

Answer 22

Collective memories of wrongdoing and atrocities committed by the ingroup, that is a threat to the groups image.

Question 23

What are the two ways individuals can deal with contested collective memories?

Answer 23

• Historical negation: Belief that injustice of the colonial past are irrelevant in explaining inequality.
• Historical recognition: Acknowledgement of the legacy of colonialism in shaping current inequality.

Question 24

What are the three things that lead to higher support for changing the date of Australia day?

Answer 24

• Higher historical recognition of colonialization
• A lower perceived continuity of indigenous cultures
• A higher desire for continuity of indigenous cultures