Week 9-Anemia

Question 1

Can renal failure cause anemia

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Major result of anemia

Answer 2

Reduced oxygen which causes generalized hypoxia

Question 3

Manifestations of anemia

Answer 3

Elevated HR and RR
Fatigue
Bone pain(caused by increased erythropoietin activity)
Enlarged heart(heart failure)
Angina
Pallor

Question 4

Types of anemia

Answer 4

Iron deficiency
B12 deficiency (pernicious anemia) not enough b12 or no intrinsic factor which is needed for B12 absorption

Question 5

Causes of iron deficiency

Answer 5

Alcoholism or drug use
Gastrectomy
Chronic occult blood loss caused by bleeding, hemorrhoids, ASA treatment

Question 6

Clinical manifestations of Iron deficiency anemia

Answer 6

Fatigue
Pallor
Brittle nails
Pica
Smaller RBC(lower MCV)

Question 7

Treatment for iron deficiency

Answer 7

Oral or parenteral iron supplements
Imferom IM or IV
Prevent fatigue-frequent rest

Question 8

Clinical manifestations of B12 anemia

Answer 8

Pallor
Weakness
Jaundice
Altered mental status
Paresthesias-numbness in extremities
Balance issues
Enlarged blood cells(high MCV)

Question 9

How to diagnose b12 anemia

Answer 9

Gastric analysis-identify if intrinsic factor is missing
Schilling test-24 hour urine collection to measure b12

Question 10

Treatment for b12 anemia

Answer 10

If dietary issue-Increase b12 consumption via food or supplement

If pernicious-give B12 IM or nasal spray(calomist). Will be lifetime treatment. Initially weekly. Then monthly.

Question 11

Nursing interventions for b12

Answer 11

Avoid extreme temperatures
Assist with ambulation
Avoid pressure on lower extremities(use foot cradle)