Peds Fluid And Electrolyte Flashcards
Are infant kidneys mature
No. They are not effective at excreting waste.
A children more prone to fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Yes
What cause a increase in water loss
Conditions that increase basal metobolic rate(infection/fever)
Infant body surface area
Have greater BSA which cause more insensible fluid loss
Is infant BMR higher than adult
Yes. Causes greater waste and insensible fluid loss.
Icf
Increased k+ and Mg
Reduced Na
ECF
Where fluid loss occurs. This is where IV and po meds impact.
How to assess hydration
Skin color
Anterior fontanel
Urine output of 1-2 mL/kg/hr
BUN
Isotonic dehydration
Loss of sodium and water
Cold
Dry
Hypotonic dehydration
More sodium loss than water
Cold
Clammy
Hypertonic dehydration
More water loss than sodium
Cold/hot
Thickened/doughy skin
All dehydrations
Absent tears
Sunked fontanel
Rapid pulse
Lethargic
Signs if good circulating blood volume
Warm skin
Urine output of 1-2 mL
Pink nailbeds
Strong peripheral pulses
Daily fluid maintenance
Weight in kg * 100 mL
Causes of reduced fluid requirement
CHF
Renal failure
