Week 9

Question 1

What is the quick three steps process of human perception

Answer 1

1. Selection Attention Process
2. Selective Organization and Labelling Process
3. Selective Interpretation

Question 2

Selection attention process:

Answer 2

Pick out cues from our cultural landscapes

Question 3

Selective organization and labeling process:

Answer 3

organizing your perception and “naming” it, depending on our identities, values, attitudes, language labels, and context

Question 4

Selective interpretation

Answer 4

Attaching meaning to the data we receive, including expectations

Question 5

What do the three step human perception process act as

Answer 5

major barriers to intercultural comm.

Question 6

Ethnocentrism

Answer 6

Consider views and standards of our ingroup more important than those of outgroups

Question 7

Proxemics

Answer 7

whatever is closer has more value

Question 8

Ethnocentrism & Stereotypes are known as…

Answer 8

Biased Intergroup Filters

Question 9

Reasons for displaying ethnocentric tendencies:

Answer 9

Tend to define our culture’s processes as natural and correct - other cultures as unnatural or incorrect.
Tend to perceive ingroup values, customs, norms roles as universal.
Tend to experience distance from outgroup, especially when group identity is threatened or attacked.

Question 10

“Privilege” is…

Answer 10

invisible package of unearned assets.

Question 11

What are the degrees of ethnocentrism?

Answer 11

Distance of indifference (low ethnocentrism)
Distance of avoidance (moderate ethnocentrism)
Distance of disparagement (high ethnocentrism)

Question 12

Distance of indifference (low ethnocentrism)

Answer 12

lack of sensitivity in our interactions with dissimilar others.

Question 13

Distance of avoidance (moderate ethnocentrism)

Answer 13

attempted linguistic switching in presence of outgroup members, nonverbal inattention to accentuate ingroup connection, and avoidance of outgroup members.

Question 14

Distance of disparagement (high ethnocentrism)

Answer 14

use racist jokes, hate-filled speech to downgrade outgroup members

Question 15

What is DMIS?

Answer 15

Milton W. Bennett’s Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS)

Question 16

According to DMIS, what are the three states of ethnocentrism?

Answer 16

i) Denial of cultural difference: Experience one’s culture as only real one, avoid other cultures, act aggressively or eliminate the difference.
ii. ) Defense against cultural difference: Experience one’s culture as only good one, organizing world as “we” are “superior versus “them,” who are “inferior.”
iii) Minimization of cultural difference: One’s cultural elements viewed as universals, “we’re all the same” except for superficial differences.

Question 17

What are the three stages of ethnorelativism?

Answer 17

• Acceptance of culture difference
• Adaptation of cultural difference
• Integration of cultural difference

Question 18

What does Integration of cultural difference mean?

Answer 18

• Intentionally (cognitive, behavioral, affective levels) incorporate diverse cultural worldviews into one’s identity
• communicating fluidly as cultural bridge or mediator.

Question 19

What are stereotypes?

Answer 19

Exaggerated pics bout a group of people, and bias of inflexible beliefs and expectations

Question 20

Attributions

Answer 20

the explanation—the meaning of why people behave as they do

Question 21

Self-effacement bias

Answer 21

tendency to remember our failures more and attribute them to our lack of ability

Question 22

The communication functions of prejudice

Answer 22

• Ego-defense mechanism
• Regularity
• Lacking accurate cultural knowledge
• Rewards and approval (for laughs)

Question 23

Four types of discriminatory practices

Answer 23

1. Isolate discrimination
2. Small-group discrimination
3. Direct institutional discrimination
4. Indirect institutional discrimination