Week 8 - Vision

Question 1

nearsighted

Answer 1

the focus is in front of the retina

Question 2

farsighted

Answer 2

the focus is behind the retina

Question 3

optic nerve

Answer 3

sends visual information via the thalamus to the brain. The left sides of each retina send information to the left side of the visual cortex and vice/versa.

Question 4

blindspot

Answer 4

Where the optic nerve fits into the photoreceptors and leaves the retina there is a gap (brain works to “fill in” information that is missing because of the blindspot.
The blindspot is relative to our visual field)

Question 5

hue

Answer 5

conveyed by the wavelength of light entering the eye; shorter wavelengths are more blue, longer wavelengths are more red.

Question 6

brightness

Answer 6

conveyed by the intensity, or height of the wave; bigger and more intense waves are brighter.

Question 7

figure and ground

Answer 7

We structure input so that we always see a figure (image) against a ground (background).

Question 8

similarity

Answer 8

Stimuli that are similar tend to be grouped together.

Question 9

proximity

Answer 9

We tend to group nearby figures together.

Question 10

continuity

Answer 10

We tend to perceive stimuli in smooth, continuous ways rather than in discontinuous ways

Question 11

closure

Answer 11

We tend to fill in gaps in an incomplete image to create a whole, complete object

Question 12

covergence

Answer 12

inward turning of our eyes that allows us to focus on objects less than ~50 feet away. The size of the convergence angle is used to judge the distance from the object

Question 13

accommodation

Answer 13

the lens changes its curvature to focus on distant or close objects, is also used to help determine depth and distance.

Question 14

beta effect

Answer 14

the perception of motion that occurs when different images are presented next to each other in succession. The visual cortex “fills in” the missing part of the motion, and we perceive the object as moving

Question 15

phi phenomenon

Answer 15

the perception of a sensation of motion caused by the appearance and disappearance of objects that are near each other. It looks like a moving zone or cloud of background colour surrounding the flashing objects

Question 16

McGurk effect

Answer 16

when visual and auditory information about speech are integrated, it can have profound effects on perception (“gaga” dubbed over an actor saying “baba,” causing people to perceive “dada.”)