Week 11 - Memory

Question 1

Encoding

Answer 1

process of writing information from short-term to long-term memory, storage is the act of consolidating long-term memory, and retrieval is the process of accessing long-term memory.

Question 2

Storage

Answer 2

experience makes physical changes in the brain. Synapses strengthen and weaken, new neurons can form in the hippocampus, etc.
These changes in the nervous system create memory traces or engrams, which are stabilized through consolidation.

Question 3

retrieval

Answer 3

accessibility of memories are dependent on cues, which are hints that lead back to an originally encoded memory.

Question 4

encoding specificity

Answer 4

hypothesis that a retrieval cue will be effective to the extent that information encoded from the cue overlaps or matches information in the engram or memory trace

Question 5

forgetting

Answer 5

Poor encoding, memory decay over time due to a lack of maintenance, or interference

Question 6

episodic memory

Answer 6

emember the episodes of our lives.

-Autobiographical memory is the remembering of specific events that have happened over the course of one’s entire life.

Question 7

semantic memory

Answer 7

more-or-less permanent storage of knowledge and facts

Question 8

collective memory

Answer 8

memories that people in a group share

Question 9

memory process

Answer 9

Encoding is the initial learning of information.
Storage refers to maintaining information over time.
Retrieval is the ability to access information when it is needed.

Question 10

Flashbulb memory

Answer 10

vivid memory associated with finding out an important piece of news, such as a terrorist attack.

Question 11

retention interval

Answer 11

time between learning and testing. Though memories can consolidate during this time, experiences can also occur that undermine the memory

Question 12

retroactive interference

Answer 12

new activities during the retention interval that interfere with retrieving the specific, older memory (Not recalling what I ate for dinner 5 days ago).

Question 13

proactive interference

Answer 13

where past memories interfere with the encoding of new ones.

Question 14

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 14

inability to form new memories or facts after the onset of amnesia.

Question 15

retrograde amnesia

Answer 15

inability to retrieve old memories that occurred before the onset of amnesia.

Question 16

dissociative amnesia

Answer 16

loss of memory that cannot be attributed to brain injury or disease, and is typically classed as a mental disorder.