week 8 - upper limb Flashcards
what are the two measurements for the upper limb
radiocapitellar line
metacarpal line
what does the radiocapitellar line show
straight line through the capitellum and radius in all stages of flexion in elbow
what significance dos the radiocapitellar line show
determines the presence of radial head subluxation (pulled elbow)or dislocation
what are the normal views for elbow
AP elbow
lateral elbow
medial oblique
what is the special view for elbow
tangential elbow
what are the normal views for the wrist and hand
PA wrist
lateral wrist
PA hand
oblique hand
fingers (PA, oblique, lateral)
what are the special views for the wrist and hand
PA ulnar flexion
medial oblique
what’s the mnemonic to remember the carpal bones in the hand
some lovers try positions that they cant handle
what are the 8 carpal bones
scaphoid lunate triquitrium pisiform trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate
what lines up with capitate bone
listers tubercle
what does CRAzy TULips mean
capitulum of the humerus articulates with head radius
what does the metacarpal line show
determines the relative size of the metacarpals in relation to each other
what can a difference in long bone length mean
congenital syndromes - turners syndrome
what is the normal measurement for the metacarpal line
a line that passes pass distal or just touch the third metacarpal head
what is radial head sublaxation (pulled elbow)
a common injury in young children in which the radial head slips under the annular ligament resulting in pain and inability to supinate the forearm.
what are the normal/abnormal variants of the upper limb
supracondylar process of the humerus
radioulnar synostosis
ulnar variance
carpal coalition
polydactyly
syndactyly
what is the supracondylar process of the humerus
rudimentary exostosis (growth) of bone on anterior / medial part of the distal humerus
what is radioulnar synostosis
ossification between radius and ulnar - usually proximal
what is ulnar variance
where the ulnar and radius is not on the same plane anymore
what is a negative ulnar variance
when the ulnar is shorter than usual
what is a positive ulnar variance
when the ulnar is longer than usual
what is polydactyly
increased number of toes or fingers
what is syndactyly
fusion of skin between digits or fusions of osseous phalanges of adjacent digits
