week 4 - hip Flashcards
whats the main 2 x rays for hip
AP
frog leg
what ligament fits inside the fovea capitis of the femoral head
ligament of the head of the femur that is a thick ligament that holds the femur in place
what are the common views of the pelvis
ap sacrum, lateral sacrum, ap coccyx, lateral coccyx
what is osteopenia - not just the hip
loss of bone mineral density that indiciates fewer minerals
whats a spot view in x ray
an area of anatomy being focused on
what is the tear drop measurement
between the medial femoral head and the outer cortex of the pelvic teardrop
tear drop measurements
min - 6
max - 11
av - 9
what does a tear drop measurement of more than 11mm suggest
hip disease
what is the hip joint width
3 measurements made in the joint cavity
what 3 measurements are involved in the hip joint space width
superior joint space
axial joint space
medial joint space (tear drop)
what is the kohlers line
a line conducted tangentially to the cortical margin of the pelvic inlet and outer border of the obturator foramen
what is protrusio acetabuli
when the femoral head protrudes through the true pelvis - rare
what is shentons line
a curvilinear line
what is a slipped capsule femoral epiphysis
what is a salter harris fracture
fractures through the physis (growth plate)
what is the presacral space
what is the femoral angle
what is a valgus deformity in the knee / knees touching
when knees go in - L shaped
what causes a valgus deformity in the knees
coxa vara in the hip
what causes varus deformity in the knees
coxa valga
what is the rule for the hip and knee coxa vara and valga
the problem in the hip causes the opposite issue in the knee
what is the normal value for the femoral angle
120-130
what does a degree of less than 120 in the femoral angle mean
coxa vara
what does a degree of more than 130 in the femoral angle mean
coxa valga
what is kleins line
what is acetebalur depth
what is lumbarisation
when S1 vertebra starts to turn into a lumbar vertebra
what is sacralisation
when L5 starts to change into sacral vertebra
