Week 8: The Limbic System

Question 1

Tel-enchephalic Limbic areas in the cerebral cortex

Answer 1

1. cingulate gyrus
2. para-hippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex
3. prefrontal cortex
4. temporal cortex

Question 2

Sub cortical tel-encephalic limbic areas

Answer 2

1. hippocampal formation
2. amygdala
3. spetal nuclei
4. nucleus accumbens
5. caudate and ventral pallidum

Question 3

di-encephalic limbic areas

Answer 3

1. hypothalamus
2. anterior thalamus
3. habenula

Question 4

mes-encephalic limbic areas

Answer 4

1. interpeduncular nucleus & VTA
2. central gray
3. raphe nuclei
4. Pedunculo-pontine tegmental area (PPT)

Question 5

met-encephalic limbic areas

Answer 5

locus coeruleus

Question 6

Limbic system

Answer 6

mediate emotional behavior and play a critical role in motivation of behavior

Question 7

Circuit

Answer 7

Hippocampus –> (fornix) –> mammillary bodies –> (mamillothalamic tract) –> Thalamus –> (internal capsule) –> cingulate gyrus –> (cingulum) –> parahippocampal gyrus –> entorhinal cortex –> (perforant pathway) –> hippocampus

Question 8

hypothalamus’ general roles

Answer 8

Most important component

plays a role in virtually every behavior: eating, drinking, arousal, learning, aggression, sleep, sex, temperature regulation, etc.

Question 9

hypothalamus’ essential four roles

Answer 9

1. monitoring body functioning (blood glucose, insulin, oxygen, CO2…)
2. maintians state of homeostasis via neural output to CNS
3. maintains’s hormonal envrionment via pituitary
4. trigger sympathetic response

Question 10

general areas of the hypothalamus

Answer 10

lateral and medial

Question 11

lateral hypothalamus

Answer 11

has most of the fibers

Question 12

medial hypothalamus

Answer 12

has most of the sub nuclei

Question 13

subgroups of the medial hypothalamus

Answer 13

suprachiasmatic nuc
supraoptic nuc
medial preoptic nuc
laateral preoptic nuc
anterior nuc
arcuate nuc
VMH (ventral medial hypothalamus)
DMH (doral medial hpyothalamus)
Paraventricual nuc
lateral hypothalamus
posterior nuc

Question 14

four divisions of the medial nuclei

Answer 14

pre optic area
supra optic area
tuberal area
mammillary bodies

Question 15

Pre-optic area

Answer 15

medial preoptic nucleus

lateral pre-optic nucleus

Question 16

lateral preoptic

Answer 16

osmo-receptors

Question 17

Supraoptic area

Answer 17

anterior hypothalamus
suprachiasmatic nuc
supraoptic nuc
paraventricular nuc
OVLT

Question 18

suprachiasmatic nuc

Answer 18

seems to be the clock - maybe mediating circadian rhythms

role in SAD

Question 19

OVLT

Answer 19

thirst and fluid balance - more osmoreceptors

Question 20

Tuberal area

Answer 20

VMH
DMH
arcuate nuc
periventribular nuc

Question 21

the infundibulum

Answer 21

connects the pituitary to the hypothalamus via the median eminence

Question 22

posterior nuc & mammillary bodies

Answer 22

thermoregulation

memory consolidation

Question 23

pituitary

Answer 23

anterior pituitary

posterior pituitary

Question 24

posterior pituitary

Answer 24

magoncelluar neurons release oxytocin in a phasic pattern

neurons that release vasopressin fire in a tonic (consistent) pattern

Question 25

anterior pituitary

Answer 25

parvocellular neuron of tuberal nuclei and supra optic nuceli intereact with the hypothalamus

cells that make the horomones are here

Question 26

Lateral area

Answer 26

medial forebrain bundle

nigro striatal pathwaymo

Question 27

motivation

Answer 27

neronal and physiological factors that start, maintain and direct behavior