Week 8- Population Growth

Question 1

What was the population growth rate in 1965

Answer 1

2.1%

Question 2

What will the population be in 2100

Answer 2

10.9 billion

Question 3

Why are places losing population?

Answer 3

Low fertility and high emigration

Question 4

What are the phases of the demographic transition model?

Answer 4

Mortality and fertility decline
Population growth accelerates
Society moves towards low fertility and old population

Question 5

What is Malthus theory on population growth?

Answer 5

Increased GDP per capita => Increased marriage => Increased children => decreased wages => decreased consumption => Lower fertiliyu

Question 6

What is Smith theory on population growth?

Answer 6

Large population bring economies of scale which increases demand.

Question 7

How many international migrants are there?

Answer 7

281 million

Question 8

What % of immigrants live in 20 nations?

Answer 8

67%

Question 9

Summarise the general characteristics of immigrants

Answer 9

-Clustered in urban areas
-Young
-Working age

Question 10

What is the neo-classical approach to migration?

Answer 10

The main source of migration is due to difference between wages

Question 11

What does endogenous growth theories suggest?

Answer 11

-People came to the centre of production functions

Question 12

What does Borjas suggest about immigrants?

Answer 12

Migrants are entrepreneurial, risk-loving and possibly higher skilled

Question 13

What is the supply side of migration?

Answer 13

The knowledge transferred

Question 14

What does Jacobs argue about mirgation?

Answer 14

Diversity facilitates innovation through the borrowing of processes from other sectos

Question 15

What are some negative externalities on diversity?

Answer 15

-Assimilation issues
-Linguistic difficulties
-Segregation/ethnic enclaves

Question 16

What are some impact on innovation by immigrants?

Answer 16

-More demand for more goods
-Changing human capital stock through new ideas
-Mobilising both supply and demand side forces

Question 17

What are the three effects on innovation called?

Answer 17

Density effect
Skills effect
Diversity effect

Question 18

What are some qualities required for a successful immigration policy?

Answer 18

-More quality than quantity
-Composition and richness of labour force
-Heterogeneity is important

Question 19

How may too many skilled migrants be an issue?

Answer 19

-Skills mismatch

Question 20

How is skills mismatch a challenge?

Answer 20

-Poor productivity
-Job dissatisfaction
-Poor integration
-Wrong investment

Question 21

What % of foreign workers in the EU have mismatched skills?

Answer 21

39%