Week 8 - Dermatology

Question 1

Rosacea

Answer 1

Chronic inflammatory skin disease with varied presentations. Autoimmune condition.
- Familial tendency
- Neurovascular dysregulation, infection, and factors that trigger altered innate and adaptive immune response are involved (chronic sun exposure, heat, drinking alcohol, hot beverages, hormonal fluctuations)
- Erythematous and edematous lesions, papules, pustules and telangiectatic occur on the nose, forehead, cheeks and chin
- Flushing/burning sensation
- Accompanied by disorders of the eye (conjunctivitis, keratitis)

Question 2

Melanoma

Answer 2

• Most aggressive skin cancer, the thickness of the lesion impacts prognosis
• Originates due to transformation of melanocytes which synthesize skin pigment
• Chronic sun exposure causes malignant degeneration of melanocytes which then grow vertically and can penetrate capillaries to enter the bloodstream and lymphatic system

Question 3

Risk factors for melanoma

Answer 3

• Genetic
• UV & solar exposure
• Fair hair/light skin
• Repeated sunburns
• Freckles
• Younger females
• Older males
• Geographic location
• Pesticide exposure

Question 4

Treatment for melanoma

Answer 4

• Excision with wide margins
• Lymph node biopsy of the peripherally draining node (sentinel node)
• Radiation/chemo/ immunotheraphy for metastatic disease

Question 5

Plaque psoriasis

Answer 5

T helper mediated autoimmune disease that causes thickening of the dermis and epidermis due to keratinocytes and forms well-demarcated, thick, silvery, scaley, erythematous plaque surrounded by normal skin that can appear anywhere on the body

Characterized by Remissions/exacerbations