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Z-Anatomy 2 > Week 8-Blood > Flashcards

Week 8-Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Do erythrocytes (RBC) have a nucleus?

A

no

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2
Q

Do platelets have a nucleus?

A

no

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3
Q

Do leukocytes (WBC) have a nucleus?

A

yes

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4
Q

What percentage of blood is plasma?

A

55%

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5
Q

What are the plasma proteins?

A
  1. Albumins- 60%
  2. Globulins
  3. Fibrogen
  4. Regulatory proteins- less than 1 %
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6
Q

Why Do erythrocytes (RBC) have no nucleus?

A

more room for heme so they can transport more Oxygen

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7
Q

what is the life span of RBC

A

120 days (recycled in spleen nd liver)

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8
Q

EPO (increases/decreses) when oxygen levels are low

A

increases

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9
Q

EPO (erythropoietin) leads to the formation of what?

A

RBC

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10
Q

What are the functions of blood?

A
  1. transport cells
  2. regulate ph/electrolytes of interstitial fluids
  3. limit blood loss (platelet)
  4. defends against pathogens
  5. distribute heat for temperature regulation
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11
Q

water makes up what percentage of plasma?

A

92%

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12
Q

What is the most abundant plasma protein?

A

albumins (60%)
globulins (35%)
Firbrogen (4%)
regulatory proteins (less than 1%)

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13
Q

What is the role of albumins

A
  • major contributor to osmotic pressure of plasma
  • transport lipids
  • steroid hormones
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14
Q

What plasma protein is -major contributor to osmotic pressure of plasma

  • transport lipids
  • steroid hormones
A

albumins

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15
Q

what is the role of globulins?

A
  1. transport ions, hormones, and lipids

2. immune functions (immunoglobulins)

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16
Q

what is the role of fibrinogen?

A
  • essential for clotting

- can be converted into insoluble fibrin

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17
Q

what are the regulatory proteins of the plasma proteins?

A

enzymes, proenzymes, hormones

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18
Q

what is Hemopoiesis

A

The cellular pathways by which the formed elements are produced.

19
Q

all formed elements come from what cells?

A

hemocytoblasts (stem cells)

20
Q

Reb blood cells Make up about __% of whole blood volume

A

45%

21
Q

what cells Make up 99.9% of the formed elements

A

RBC

22
Q

what are the 3 components of the formed elements of blood?

A
  1. RBC (99.9%)
  2. WBC
  3. Platelets
23
Q

wha tis the most abundant of the WBC in the formed elements?

A 
neutrophils (50-70%)
then lymphocytes (20-30%)
24
Q

________ makes up 95% of RBC protein

A

Hemoglobin

25
Q

(what type of cell) recycle hemoglobin from damaged or dead RBCs

A

Phagocytes

26
Q

Process for formation of red blood cells

A

Erythropoiesis

27
Q

What are the 4 blood types?

A

A, B, AB, O

and then can add the -/+

28
Q

what is the common name for leukocytes

A

white blood cells

29
Q

lymphocytes come from what stem cell

A
30
Q

where are RBCs produced?

A

bone marrow

31
Q

when cells Push between cells to cross blood vessel walls and enter the tissues

A

diapedesis

32
Q

what is chemotaxis

A

when WBC —Move toward specific chemicals released by bacteria or injured cells

33
Q

Myeloid stem cells produce

A
  1. Granulocytes (three types)

2. Monocytes (future macrophages)

34
Q

Lymphoid stem cells produce _________

A

lymphocytes

35
Q

what is the production of lymphocytes called

A

lymphopoiesis

36
Q

Processes that stop the loss of blood from a damaged vessel

A

Hemostasis

37
Q

What are 3 3 phases of hemostasis?

A
  1. vascular- blood vessel contracts
  2. platelet- platelets form
  3. coagulation- blood clot/clotting factors
38
Q

Extrinsic pathway for clotting is triggered by _________

A

endothelial cells or peripheral tissues

39
Q

Intrinsic pathway for clotting is triggered by _________

A

platelets

40
Q

is there a greater percentage of formed elements or plasma in the blood?

A

plasma (55% of blood)

41
Q

within the formed elements of the blood, which of the following is most abundant: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets?

A

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

42
Q

________ makes up 95% of RBC protein

A

Hemoglobin

43
Q

_____ stem cells give way to the erythrocytes, monocytes, granultcites, and platelets

A

myeloid stem cells

44
Q

what 2 granulocytes are phagocytic?

A

neutrophils and Eosinophils

Z-Anatomy 2 (7 decks)

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