Week 8-Blood

Question 1

Do erythrocytes (RBC) have a nucleus?

Answer 1

no

Question 2

Do platelets have a nucleus?

Answer 2

no

Question 3

Do leukocytes (WBC) have a nucleus?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

What percentage of blood is plasma?

Answer 4

55%

Question 5

What are the plasma proteins?

Answer 5

1. Albumins- 60%
2. Globulins
3. Fibrogen
4. Regulatory proteins- less than 1 %

Question 6

Why Do erythrocytes (RBC) have no nucleus?

Answer 6

more room for heme so they can transport more Oxygen

Question 7

what is the life span of RBC

Answer 7

120 days (recycled in spleen nd liver)

Question 8

EPO (increases/decreses) when oxygen levels are low

Answer 8

increases

Question 9

EPO (erythropoietin) leads to the formation of what?

Answer 9

RBC

Question 10

What are the functions of blood?

Answer 10

1. transport cells
2. regulate ph/electrolytes of interstitial fluids
3. limit blood loss (platelet)
4. defends against pathogens
5. distribute heat for temperature regulation

Question 11

water makes up what percentage of plasma?

Answer 11

92%

Question 12

What is the most abundant plasma protein?

Answer 12

albumins (60%)
globulins (35%)
Firbrogen (4%)
regulatory proteins (less than 1%)

Question 13

What is the role of albumins

Answer 13

• major contributor to osmotic pressure of plasma
• transport lipids
• steroid hormones

Question 14

What plasma protein is -major contributor to osmotic pressure of plasma

• transport lipids
• steroid hormones

Answer 14

albumins

Question 15

what is the role of globulins?

Answer 15

1. transport ions, hormones, and lipids

2. immune functions (immunoglobulins)

Question 16

what is the role of fibrinogen?

Answer 16

• essential for clotting

- can be converted into insoluble fibrin

Question 17

what are the regulatory proteins of the plasma proteins?

Answer 17

enzymes, proenzymes, hormones

Question 18

what is Hemopoiesis

Answer 18

The cellular pathways by which the formed elements are produced.

Question 19

all formed elements come from what cells?

Answer 19

hemocytoblasts (stem cells)

Question 20

Reb blood cells Make up about __% of whole blood volume

Answer 20

45%

Question 21

what cells Make up 99.9% of the formed elements

Answer 21

RBC

Question 22

what are the 3 components of the formed elements of blood?

Answer 22

1. RBC (99.9%)
2. WBC
3. Platelets

Question 23

wha tis the most abundant of the WBC in the formed elements?

Answer 23

neutrophils (50-70%)
then lymphocytes (20-30%)

Question 24

________ makes up 95% of RBC protein

Answer 24

Hemoglobin

Question 25

(what type of cell) recycle hemoglobin from damaged or dead RBCs

Answer 25

Phagocytes

Question 26

Process for formation of red blood cells

Answer 26

Erythropoiesis

Question 27

What are the 4 blood types?

Answer 27

A, B, AB, O | and then can add the -/+

Question 28

what is the common name for leukocytes

Answer 28

white blood cells

Question 29

lymphocytes come from what stem cell

Question 30

where are RBCs produced?

Answer 30

bone marrow

Question 31

when cells Push between cells to cross blood vessel walls and enter the tissues

Answer 31

diapedesis

Question 32

what is chemotaxis

Answer 32

when WBC —Move toward specific chemicals released by bacteria or injured cells

Question 33

Myeloid stem cells produce

Answer 33

1. Granulocytes (three types) | 2. Monocytes (future macrophages)

Question 34

Lymphoid stem cells produce _________

Answer 34

lymphocytes

Question 35

what is the production of lymphocytes called

Answer 35

lymphopoiesis

Question 36

Processes that stop the loss of blood from a damaged vessel

Answer 36

Hemostasis

Question 37

What are 3 3 phases of hemostasis?

Answer 37

1. vascular- blood vessel contracts 2. platelet- platelets form 3. coagulation- blood clot/clotting factors

Question 38

Extrinsic pathway for clotting is triggered by _________

Answer 38

endothelial cells or peripheral tissues

Question 39

Intrinsic pathway for clotting is triggered by _________

Answer 39

platelets

Question 40

is there a greater percentage of formed elements or plasma in the blood?

Answer 40

plasma (55% of blood)

Question 41

within the formed elements of the blood, which of the following is most abundant: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets?

Answer 41

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

Question 42

________ makes up 95% of RBC protein

Answer 42

Hemoglobin

Question 43

_____ stem cells give way to the erythrocytes, monocytes, granultcites, and platelets

Answer 43

myeloid stem cells

Question 44

what 2 granulocytes are phagocytic?

Answer 44

neutrophils and Eosinophils