Week 8 Flashcards
What is the psychology of driving classified as?
a topic in applied
cognition or human factors – it is the interplay between pure and
applied psychology
How many percentage of road deaths occur globally ?
92% of traffic deaths in low and middle income countries
Why is it often more difficult to cross roads in low and middle income countries?
Roads are multi purpose
How many road deaths are there globally each year?
1.24 million
What will this rise to be 2020 without action?
1.9 million
How many people in accidents become injured or disabled?
20-50 million
What number cause of death is it in the world and what will it rise to?
8th and rise to 3rd by 2020
What number cause of death is driving among 15-29 year olds?
1
What is the cost of road traffic crashes?
675 billion
By the year 2020, what percentage will road fatalities increase to in low income counties and decline by in high income countries?
80% increase and decrease 30%
What nation’s fatalities will grow by 144%?
south east asia
How much are the NSW road toll statistics up this year?
14%
What generations are dying on the roads?
1- Generation x
2- Baby boomers
3- Generation Y
Why do road crashes happen?
Road user, road environment and vehicle
What percentage of fatalies can we put down to speed?
40%
What was reason’s taxonomy of errors?
unsafe acts
Then divided into unintended actions and intended actions
Unintended actions go into slip and lapse
Intended action goes into mistake and violation
How many drivers globally that die are young adults between 15-44?
50%
What is the part of the brain not developed enough for driving?
Dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex
How likely are drivers under the age of 21 to have a crash?
3 times more likely.
Why are older drivers at risk?
Fragile
Vision
Cognition
Motor functions
What does a BAC level of 0.05-0.1 do to your chances of having a crash?
double it
What are the two low points in the day for having a fatique related crash
2 am and 2pm
Older drivers 10pm
If you are driving at 65 kms an hour, how much of the risk is increased than driving at 60?
x2
What are the 3 major types of attention to consider for attention?
1- effort or arousal
2- capacity or resources
3- selective attention.
Why is distraction bad?
Causes tunnel vision
What happens when driving in the rain?
Effects light sources so it reduces illumination on road ahead. When light strikes raindrops, only some of it passes thrugh, so it blocks some light.
What happens when you drive in fog?
Makes the lowered contrast making objects appear to be moving mor slowly than they are
Over a 55 year history, how many accidents will a driver have?
1 casualty accident and 4 property damage only crashes
How do we change driver behaviour?
3 e approach- enforcement, education and engineering
