Week 7 - Thursday

Question 1

Tone

Answer 1

resistance offered by muscles to continuous passive stretch

Question 2

Hypotonia

Answer 2

Low tone/flaccidity

Question 3

Hypertonia

Answer 3

increased tone
not dependent on velocity

Question 4

spasticity

Answer 4

increased tone
really tight, clenched muscles at hands, elbows, knees, wrist

Question 5

Hypertonia: pathological activity

Answer 5

grasp reflex (don’t touch the palm of hand when trying to straighten it out)
associated reactions
extensor response

Question 6

Presentations of spasticity

Answer 6

focal: one joint
Multi-focal: multiple joints
regional: one side
Generalized: everywhere

Question 7

when spastic and trying to straighten someone out, which parts first?

Answer 7

Proximal to distal
ex. shoulder - elbow - wrist - fingers

Question 8

Spasticity/contractures: things that help

Answer 8

Splinting
surgery
serial casting
botox
medications

Question 9

Botox/medications

Answer 9

killing of muscles
no muscle = no tone

Question 10

PT Management for tone: hypotonia

Answer 10

positioning and support to avoid injuries
WB in good alignment
facilitation techniques

Question 11

PT Management for tone: Hypertonia

Answer 11

Firm pressure
slow, sustained stretches
gentle mobilization
Reflex inhibiting Postures

Question 12

RIPs

Answer 12

Reflex inhibiting postures
provide inhibitory pressures