Week 7 THURS Flashcards
adult metabolism
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client w/ diabetes mellitus. A client w/ diabetes mellitus should…
wash and inspect feet daily
What would be included in the teaching plan for a client diagnosed w/ diabetes mellitus
an elevated by concentration contributes to complications of diabetes, such as diminished vision
Hypocalcemia is associated w/ what manifestation
muscle twitching
what medication is the choice for thyroid replacement therapy
levothyroxine (synthroid)
Before getting consent what allergy is alarming to the nurse
- shrimp and shellfish allergy
- usually has similar ingrediants to iodine
Where should the nurse inject insulin in..
the abdomen
Metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia
diabetes
What type of diabetes is the absolute lack of insulin
type 1
What type of diabetes has an alteration in insulin production, use, resistance
type 2
Common manifestations of hyperglycemia
- 3 P’s> polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
Absence or significantly inadequate amount of insulin
- characterized by hyperglycemia, dehydration and electrolyte loss, and acidosis
DKA
What is the first thing to do for a pts with DKA and HHS?
- restore fluid/ electrolyte loss
common s/s of DKA
- kussmal resp
- acetone breath> fruity
- orthostatic hypotension
- dehydration/ e;ectrolyte loss
- hyperglycemia
- acidosis
What type of insulin should be given to a patient w/ DKA/HHS
Regular insulin ONLY!!
What electrolyte tends to become shifted with trying to replenish and maintain intravascular fluid volume
Potassium> K+
What to caution/ watch for with giving K+ due to low value
- watch cardiac status
- too much K+ can cause heart arrhythmias
HHS is characteristic of ….
- type 2 diabetes
- relative insulin deficiency
- initiated by illness
Priority nursing assessment on the pts when on insulin drips
- hypoglycemia
- fluid/ electrolyte imbalnce
- fluid overload
- cerebral edema
- rapid correction of hyperglycemia
- fluid shift
Not enough or lack of TSH condition
Hypothyroidism
Too much TSH condition
Hyperthyroidism
s/s of hypothyroidism
- fatigue
lethargy - wt gain
- deep voice
- dry skin
- cold intolerance
Hypothyroidism treatment
- levothyroxine (Synthroid)> synthetic TSH
s/s of Hyperthyroidism
- anxious
- restless
- irritable
- fine tremors
- tachycardia
- palpatations
Hyperthyroidism treatment
radioactive iodine
Too much TSH released acutely can lead to…
thyroid storm
S/S of thyroid storm
- cardiac arrhythmias
- fever
- neurologic impairment
- heart failure
- circulatory collapse
- high bofy temp
Treatment for thyroid storm
- beta blockers
- thyroidectomy
Disorder with dysfunction in the feedback loop causing insufficient production of steriods
Addison’s disease
Treatment for Addison’s disease
corticosteriods
Risk factors for addison’s disease
- TB and histoplasmosis
s/s of addisons disease
- increased retention of K+
- deficiency in extracellular fluid
- decreased cardiac output
- hypoglycemia
- muscle weakness
- lethargy
- Gi symptoms; anorexia, n/v, wt loss
- hyperpigmentation of skin/mucous membranes
Treatment for addison’s disease
- hormone replacement therapy
- adjust(increase) doses with illness and stress
- exogenous glucocorticoids/ corticosteroids
- Take with meals/ antacids> decrease GI s/s
- increasing activity tolerance
- restoring fluid balance
