Week 2 THURS Flashcards
Is there a medication to cure autism?
No, there is no medication
If a child is 30 months old and speaking 1-2 word sentences and grunting, should you further assess?
yes, this could assess to be a learning disability
T or F autistic children have a hard time making eye contact
TRUE
Lifestyle choices that affect one’s health positively or negatively such as patterns of sleep, nutrition, and health
Behavior
____ Refers to the clients pervasive and enduring emotional state
Mood
___ is the outward expression of the client’s emotional state
Affect
The domains of human development
- cognitive
- fine/ gross motor
- communication
- social/ emotional
- sensory
- growth
- trauma-informed care
- sensory integration
- attachment and temperament/ personality
A neurological and developmental disorder that affects how people interact with others, communicate, learn, and behave
Autism Spectrum disorder
- ranges from mild> severe
When is the onset of Autism Spectrum disorder
- first noticed in infancy
- usually between 12-36 months
Risk factors for autism include…
siblings with ASD, genetic conditions such as downs syndrome or fragile X, very low birth weight
What is the etiology for ASD
The exact etiology is unknown
Indicators for autism
- impaired social interactions and communication
- difficulty w/ joint attn
- strong interest or repetitive behaviors
- small flexibility and rigid
Is there medication to to cure ASD?
No medication to cure, but there are supportive treatments to help with symptoms
What is the goal for a child with autism
to rach optimal functioning w/in the limitations of the disorder
T or F, well routine and highly structured learning environments work well for children with autism
TRUE, if the routine is changed a child may have behavior issues
T or F, children with autism do not have sensory issues
FALSE, they do!
- caregivers must control the environment/ sensory input for the child so they remain calm
Autism s/s found in infants
- resist cuddling, lack of eye contact, be indifferent to touch and affection, little change in facial expression, flat/neutral affect
Autism s/s found in toddlers
- hyperactivity, aggression, temper tantrums, self-injury behaviors
What is included in a physical exam for a child with autism
- observe lack of eye contact
- failure to let needs be known
- unusual behaviors; handflapping, spinning
- hyper/ hypotonia
Autism nursing management
- education about ASD
- don’t change routines
- professional guidance
- extensive emotional support
- learn how to manage behaviors when things go unplanned
Most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood
- characterized by inattention, impulsivity, hyperactivity
- Disruption in learning ability, socialization, compliance
ADHD
What is the etiology of ADHD?
- exact etiology is unknown
- believed to be alterations in the dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitter system
T or F, ADHD can occur at anytime during lifetime
FALSE, symptoms have to begin before age 7 and persist longer than 6 months
T or F; children with ADHD are lazy and unmotivated
FALSE they are not!
Medication treatment for ADHD
- Psychostimulants
- Nonstimulant Norepinephrine Reuptake inhibitors
- Alpha agonsit antihypertensive agents
What do medications do for children with ADHD
help increase the child’s ability to pay attn and decrease the level of impulsive behavior; starting norepinephrine and dopamine
methylphenidate, dexmethylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, mixed amphetamine salts, dexamphetamine are what class of medications
Stimulant meds
atomoxetine (Strattera), and extended-release guanfacine (Tenex) and clonidine (Catapres)
are in what class of meds
non-stimulant drugs
ADHD medication side effects
appetite suppression, insomnia, dry mouth and nausea
Physical exam for ADHD
- observe child behavior in both home and classroom
- vision/ hearing screening; rule out impairments
What functions do nurses need to assess in a child w/ ADHD
- eating, sleeping, ability to complete tasks, follow instructions, make and maintain friends
Nursing managment for children with ADHD
- provide support
- assist family to advocate
- collaboration with other disciplines
Common priority concerns in children with developmental delays/ mental health cond.
- risk for injury
- risk for developmental delays
- altered thought process and thoughts
- disturbed sleep
- disturbed nutrion
- altered sensory perception
- social isolation
injuries that are intentionally inflicted on a child
physical abuse
involvement of the child in any activity meant to provide sexual gratification to an adult
sexual abuse
Verbal denigration of the child, occur as a result of child witnessing domestic violence
emotional abuse
failure to provide a child with appropriate food, clothing, shelter, medical care, and or schooling
neglect
Therapeutic management of maltreatment victims includes
- physical treatment of injuries
- palliative care
- intervention to preserve/ restore child’s mental well being
State lawrequires persons in designated professional occupations to report suspected child abuse or neglect to police or child protection that they suspect has occurred in the past three years. These include people who work with children in health care, social services, education, mental health, child care, law enforcement, the courts, clergy, and corrections settings.
Mandated reporters
Risk factors for abuse in children
- poverty, prematurity, cerebral palsy, chronic illness, intellectual disability
Risk for being abusers in caregivers
- hx of being abused, alcohol/ substance abuse, extreme stress
Physical exam for children who have been abused
- perform gentle but thorough exam
- note LOC
- inspect skin
- provide privacy
