Week 6 practice questions

Question 1

1. While caring for an infant with a congenital heart defect, the nurse notes that the infant is having difficulty feeding and has increased diaphoresis. What does these signs and symptoms most likely indicate?
   a. The infant is experiencing heart failure.
   b. The infant is experiencing normal growth spurts.
   c. The infant is developing an infection.
   d. The infant is overhydrated.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

2. Which of the following is the most important nursing intervention for a child with Kawasaki disease?
   a. Administering oral antibiotics
   b. Administering intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
   c. Placing the child on strict bed rest
   d. Monitoring the child’s temperature

Answer 2

B

Question 3

3. A child diagnosed with Kawasaki disease is receiving aspirin therapy. What is the primary reason for administering aspirin?
   a. To reduce fever
   b. To prevent coronary artery thrombosis
   c. To relieve pain
   d. To boost the immune response

Answer 3

B

Question 4

4. A nurse is caring for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot who suddenly develops cyanosis and begins crying inconsolably. What is the priority nursing action?
   a. Administer a high-dose bronchodilator
   b. Provide frequent short feedings to comfort the infant
   c. Initiate chest compressions
   d. Place the infant in a knee-chest position

Answer 4

D

Question 5

5. An infant with hypoplastic left heart syndrome is displaying signs of poor perfusion, including cool extremities and weak pulses. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
   a. Reduced systemic blood flow
   b. Pulmonary hypertension
   c. Congestive heart failure
   d. Aortic valve stenosis

Answer 5

A

Question 6

6. A patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is admitted to the hospital for monitoring. Which of the following symptoms would indicate the aneurysm is expanding and at risk for rupture?
   a. Gradual onset of severe chest pain radiating to the left arm
   b. Diminished pulses in the upper extremities
   c. Sudden onset of severe lower back or abdominal pain
   d. Difficulty breathing and coughing

Answer 6

C

Question 7

7. Which of the following vital sign changes is most concerning in a patient with a known abdominal aortic aneurysm?
   a. Hypertension and bradycardia
   b. Hypotension and tachycardia
   c. Bradypnea and a low oxygen saturation
   d. Tachypnea and hypertension

Answer 7

B

Question 8

8. Which of the following assessments is most important for a patient with mitral regurgitation?
   a. Monitoring for signs of peripheral edema
   b. Assessing for a new onset of atrial fibrillation
   c. Evaluating the patient’s daily weights
   d. Listening for a diastolic murmur at the left sternal border

Answer 8

B

Question 9

9. A patient in the emergency department is diagnosed with a STEMI (ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction). Which treatment should the nurse anticipate will be initiated immediately?
   a. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
   b. Nitroglycerin infusion
   c. Administration of oral beta-blockers
   d. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via angiogram

Answer 9

D

Question 10

10. A patient with infective endocarditis is being discharged home after completing a course of IV antibiotics. Which of the following instructions is most important for the nurse to include in the patient’s discharge education?
    a. “Take antibiotics only if you feel like the infection is coming back.”
    b. “Perform daily weight checks and report any rapid weight gain.”
    c. “Avoid taking any over-the-counter medications without consulting your doctor.”
    d. “Use a soft toothbrush and maintain excellent oral hygiene to prevent infection.”

Answer 10

D