Week 7 - Social Determinants of Health Flashcards
define/explain: social determinants of health
a set of factors that act together to influence the health of individuals and communities
-influence health in positive and negative ways
most important social determinant of health? why?
- income
- allows access to other SDOH
- low income leads to material deprivation and social exclusion
- higher income leads to longer life and decreased rates of suicide
- lower income leads to higher rates of CVD and diabetes
why are more seniors going bankrupt than before?
- living longer/outliving their savings
- retiring with debt
- giving money to adult family member
- paying significant healthcare expenses
- paying 2 housing costs if one partner lives in a nursing home
- losing money in the stock market
4 main elements that define financial well-being
- control over your day-to-day and month-to-month finances
- capacity to absorb a financial shock
- financial freedom to make choices to enjoy life
- on track financially to reach your life goals
positive and negative health impacts related to education
-increases one’s overall literacy and enhances one’s ability to improve health through individual action
-provides more opportunities for Canadians if their employment situation suddenly changes
-
positive and negative health impacts related to employment
- employment: provides income, a sense of identity, and helps to structure day-to-day life
- unemployment: leads to material and social deprivation, psychological stress, and the adoption of health-threatening coping behaviours
define/explain: job insecurity, and its health impacts
- part-time, temporary, precarious employment
- these types of jobs have increased
- often involves non-standard working hours
- increases chances of physiological and psychological stress
- negative effects on personal relationships, children’s behaviours, and parenting effectiveness
positive and negative health impacts related to early childhood development
- early childhood experiences predict health in later life
- the longer children live under conditions of material and social deprivation, the more likely they are to show adverse health and developmental outcomes
- ex. food insecurity has a devastating effect on every aspect of a child’s development, beginning with the prenatal period
positive and negative health impacts related to food insecurity
- nutritional inadequacies
- infectious and chronic diseases
- low birth weight (babies)
- not enough food
- reliance on inexpensive non-nutritious food
- stress associated with trying to meet daily needs
- getting food in socially unacceptable ways (food bank, dumpster)
- -these conditions cost more to treat and manage than would be needed to prevent them through food security
- health care costs were much higher for households with food insecurity than without, up to 121% higher
what is the most common reason for food insecurity?
-poverty
define/explain: community food security
-when all community residents obtain a safe, personally acceptable, nutritious diet through a sustainable food system that maximizes healthy choices, community self-reliance and equal access for everyone
positive and negative health impacts related to housing
- poor quality housing increases risk of many health problems, ex. lead, mold, poor ventilation, overcrowding
- some homes on Aboriginal reserves lack clean water and basic sanitation
- high housing costs means less money for food
- poor or expensive housing creates stress and unhealthy means of coping
- early death among homeless individuals is 8-10 x greater than Canadian population
examples of social exclusion leading to poor health
- lack of access to emergency child care when single mother has to work late
- elderly woman living alone, and unable to leave the house
- immigrants who do not speak English and do not have family already here
- teenagers who feel they don’t ‘fit in’
