Week 7 Knee Flashcards
joint classification of knee joint
synovial hinge joint
compound and complex joint
bones and articular surfaces of knee joint
femorotibial (medial and lateral)
patellofemoral
Q angle
what is Q angle
angle formed between the quadriceps muscles and the patella tendon
synovial membrane and communications with bursae
suprapatellar
prepatellar
infrapatellar (superficial and deep)
communicating posterior burse (popliteus, medial head of gastrocnemius and semimembranous)
muscles - articularis genu
- a variable number of muscular slips
- from inferior anterior aspect of femur
- insert into synovial membrane (suprapatellar bursa)
- pulls synovial membrane superiorly during knee extension
- prevent folds pinching between femur and patella
muscles - popliteus
- attaches onto the lateral condyle of the femur
- intracapsular
intrinsic ligaments of knee joint
patellar: medial and lateral patellar retinacula
medial (tibial) collateral ligament
oblique popliteal
arcuate popliteal
extrinsic ligaments of knee joint
extracapsular:
lateral (fibular) collateral ligament (LCL)
intracapsular (extrasynovial):
anterior cruciate (ACL)
posterior cruciate (PCL)
LCL vs MCL
LCL:
- strong
- attaches to head of fibula
- separate from the fibrous capsule
MCL:
- flat band
- weaker than LCL
ACL VS PCL
ACL:
- weaker
- prevent anterior displacement of the tibia
- taut in extension
PCL:
- stronger
- prevent posterior displacement of the tibia
- taut in flexion
special structures of knee joint
meniscus (lateral and medial)
infrapatellar fat pad
blood supply
medial meniscus vs lateral meniscus
medial:
- larger
- semi circular C shape
lateral:
- smaller
- more O shape
- uniform width
functions of meniscus
- increase congruency of articular surfaces
- weight bearing and lubrication
- enable complex mechanics
nerve supply of knee joint
femoral nerve
obturator nerve
tibial nerve
common fibular nerve
saphenous nerve (cutaneous)
blood supply of knee joint
popliteal artery
