Week 7 Flashcards
Are depression and bi polar disorder genetic?
yes
what do we not fully understand about depression and bi polar disorder?
the biological etiology.
What was Bipolar 1 disorder formally known as?
Manic Depression
What is important to know about the treatment of bipolar disorders?
They are treatable, but often need multiple medications and often have residual symptoms.
What medications are controversial for treatment of bipolar depression?
antidepressants. They are NOT used for bipolar mania/hypomania.
What commonly co-occurs with Bipolar disorders?
SUD’s
What is the Gold Standard for treating Bipolar 1 disorder?
Lithium
What are some of the traits of lithium
anti-suicidal, requires blood monitoring to prevent toxicity, and has a narrow therapeutic window.
What other medications are often used for treatment of bipolar disorder?
anti-seizure & atypical antipsychotics
What do lithium, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics taken for bipolar disorder have in common?
their mechanisms of action are complicated and not fully understood.
What drugs of abuse can cause substance induced mood disorders?
All of them.
What can atypical antipsychotic meds be helpful with?
mania/hypomania, depression, agitation, psychosis and anxiety
Gabapentin (Neurotin) is used to treat bipolar disorder, T or F?
F - it can be used for anxiety and neuropathic pain
What are the main principles of the Monoamine Hypothesis?
Depression is caused by a dysregulation of one or more of the monoamines (norepinephrine NE, Serotonin 5-HT and Dopamine DA.
What evidence do we have to support the Monoamine hypothesis?
the fact that antidepressants typically increase or modulate these neurotransmitters.
For treatment of depression, what combination of treatment provides the best results?
therapy in combination with medication.
Is ECT still used to treat depression?
yes, and it is still the most rapid, anti-manic and anti suicidal treatment available.
What is a common consequence of use/withdrawal from mood altering substances?
depression
What Antidepressants are more toxic?
TCA and MAOIs. MAOIs need a specific diet.
What do most antidepressants impact?
the neurotransmitters, dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine.
What are the most commonly used antidepressants?
SSRI’s & SNRIs
What medication has less sexual side effects and can help with ADHD?
wellbutrin
SSRI mechanism of action?
increase synaptic serotonin initially and then down regulate serotonin receptors in response to the increased serotonin.
Common side effects of SSRI’s
sexual, insomnia/hypersomnia, increase/decrease in appetite, nausea, constipation/diarrhea, headache, restlessness, mania, anxiety, suicidality (+/-)
