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IMF Multiple Choice Final > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Factor 5 leiden mutation has what mode of inheritance?

A

AD

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2
Q

Which pathogen is the most common cause of acute cystitis?

A

E.coli

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3
Q

What is the mechanism behind henoch-shenlein vasculitis?

A

IgA immune complex deposition

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4
Q

A 50 year old man is evaluated for persistent heartburn despite PPI twice a day for six months. His BMI is 34 and the remainder of the physical exam is normal. Endoscopy reveals persistent esophagitis and a moderately large hiatal hernia. What is the next best treatment?

A

Nissan-fundoplication surgery

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5
Q

What is the preferred treatment of FAP familial adenomatous polyposis?

A

Prophylactic colectomy

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6
Q

What is the diagnosis of the CT finding? (See Gyazo)

A

Dissecting Aorta

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7
Q

What are the diagnostic cutoffs for HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose when diagnosis diabetes?

A

HbA1c > 6.5

Fasting plasma glucose >126

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8
Q

What are the four features of tetrology of felot?

A

DROP - vsD, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Overriding aorta, Pulmonary stenosis

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9
Q

If a patient has at least a 30 pack year history within the last 15 years, what is the age range of screening with low dose CT?

A

55-80 years old

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10
Q

Name two diastolic murmurs

A

Aortic regurg and mitral stenosis

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11
Q

50 pack year smoker presents with painless hematuria. What is next best step?

A

Bladder cancer until proven otherwise - next best test is cystoscopy

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12
Q

46 year old with type 1 diabetes presents with nausea and vomiting, early satiety, vague epigastric pain for the past 6 months. History of peripheral neuropathy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Gastroparesis

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13
Q

Needle-shaped crystals that are negatively birefrigent under polarized light is a characteristic of what disease?

A

gout

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14
Q

What class of drug is used to treat urge incontinence?

A

Antimuscarinics

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15
Q

What changes in PT and PTT would you see in a patient with hemophilia A?

A

Normal PT with prolonged PTT (TENET)

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16
Q

What is the next best step in management of a patient who has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and negative antibodies?

A

Radioactive iodine uptake scan

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17
Q

A patient on an insulin sliding scale regimen consistently records fasting morning blood glucose levels 30-40 points higher than his established goal.

A

Increase basal insulin dose

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18
Q

A teenage athlete suddenly collapses in the middle of a game and is unable to be revived despite CPR. What is the most likely cause?

A

HOCM

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19
Q

Anticipation is a feature of trinucleotide repeat diseases. Define anticipation.

A

Increased severity or earlier onset of disease in succeeding generations

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20
Q

What is the first line treatment for lyme disease?

A

Doxycycline

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21
Q

What is the first line treatment for acute pericarditis?

A

NSAID + colchicine

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22
Q

What childhood brain tumor is derived from the remnants of rathke’s pouch, often contains calcifications, and causes bilateral heminopsia

A

craniopharyngioma

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23
Q

What is the treatment for trichmoniasis?

A

Metronidazole

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24
Q

Hydrops fetalis occurs in the setting of a certain thalasemia. What is the underlying mechanism leading to this event?

A

Excess gamma globin chains that bind titer to oxygen

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25
Q

Name two causes of gout.

A

Underexcretion or overproduction of uric acid

26
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis associated with this picture? (see gyazo)

A

Lyme disease

27
Q

TNF alpha inhibitors can lead to the reactivation of what pathogen?

A

Tuberculosis

28
Q

What is the best and least invasive test to diagnose lactose intolerance?

A

Lactose hydrogen breath test

29
Q

How does PTH affect serum calcium and phosphate?

A

Increase calcium, decreases phosphate

30
Q

Three year old boy that comes to pediatrician with fever, conjunctivitis, erythema in oral mucosa, and cervical lymphadenopathy. He suddenly becomes hypotensive and goes into cardiac arrest and dies shortly after. Autopsy shows aneurysmal dilations of the left circumflex and right coronary arteries. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Kawasaki disease

31
Q

Homozygous mutation on chromosome 11 causes absent beta globin synthesis. At what age does this disease become symptomatic in an infant?

A

Beta-thalasemia. After 6 months.

32
Q

What disorder is an autoimmune reaction causing destruction of intrahepatic and lobular bile ducts?

A

Primary biliary cholangitis

33
Q

Name the four fat soluble vitamins.

34
Q

What immunodeficiency is associated with delayed umbilical cord separation?

A

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1

35
Q

What is the first line antibiotic for aspiration pneumonia?

A

Clindamycin

36
Q

What is the treatment for pyloric stenosis?

A

Pyloromyotomy

37
Q

What is the treatment for the red flushed face associated with niacin (b3) use?

38
Q

What is the only hemolytic anemia associated with an increased MCHC?

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

39
Q

32 year old man presents with progressive dementia and sudden jerky purposeless movements. on evaluation, Patient is known to be depressed. He states that his father died at age 50 and has similar symptoms.

A

Huntington’s

40
Q

Lambert Eaton syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome for what cancer?

A

Small cell lung cancer

41
Q

What is the embryologic origin of schwann cells?

A

Neural crest cells

42
Q

What is an indication for nissan-fundoplication?

A

refractory gerd

43
Q

what is the most important determinant for prognosis in tetralogy of fellot?

A

Degree of pulmonary valve stenosis

44
Q

What causes the pseudohypertrophy in DMD?

A

Fibro-fatty replacement of muscle

45
Q

How do you differentiate Lewy Body dementia and dementia secondary to Parkinson’s?

A

If cognitive and motor symptoms onset less than 1 year apart, it is lewy body. Also, lewy body has haLEWYcinations

46
Q

What are the two classes of drugs use to treat legionella pneumonia?

A

Macrolides and fluroquinolones

47
Q

Achalasia can arise from what parasitic infection? What is the vector?

A

Tripanasoma cruzeii; riduvid bug

48
Q

What is the most common common childhood supratentorial tumor?

A

craniopharyngioma

49
Q

100% oxygen can be used to treat what kind of headache?

A

Cluster headache

50
Q

What is a D2 receptor antagonist that can be used to treat diabetic and post-op gastroparesis?

A

metaclopramide

51
Q

See image on Gyazo. Which malabsorption syndrome is characterized by the intraepithelial lymphocytes and the blunted villa shown here?

A

Celiac Disease

52
Q

According to USPSTF what population gets screened for an abdominal aortic aneurysm and how is it done?

A

65-75 year old males who have ever smokedby transabdominal ultrasound

53
Q

What isthe mechanism behind decreased fertility seen in males and females with kartagener syndrome?

A

Male: Immotile sperm
Female: Immotile fallopian tubes cilia

54
Q

Name one condition that is associated with white blood cell casts

A

Acute pyelonephritis

55
Q

What is the treatment for benzodiazipine overdose?

A

Flumazenil

56
Q

the USPSTF recommends screening for osteoporosis for women. What age should you start screening women that are average risk?

A

65 years old; screen with DEXA scan

57
Q

What diagnosis is associated with a triad of dysphagia, iron deficiency anemia, and esophageal webs?

A

Plummer-binson (sp) syndrome?

58
Q

Pneumoperitoneum can lead to referred pain due to irritation of what nerve?

A

Phrenic nerve

59
Q

What vasculitis is polymyalgia rheumatica associated with?

A

Temporal arteritis; giant cell arteritis

60
Q

Familial adenomatous polyposis + osseus and soft tissue tumors, and impacted supernumery teeth is what syndrome?

A

Gardner’s syndrome

IMF Multiple Choice Final (7 decks)

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