Week 7

Question 1

What are the characteristics of asexual reproduction?

Answer 1

• It’s based on the mitotic division of nucleus
• It’s rapid and effective
• Offspring are clones of the parents

Question 2

What’s binary fission?

Answer 2

A process in which every cell divide itself producing two identical cells

Question 3

What are rhizomes?

Answer 3

Horizonatl underground stems that can give rise to new shoots

Question 4

What are bubls and corms?

Answer 4

Short, vertical underground stems (corms are disc like but they lack the fleshy modified leaves that you can find in bulbs)

Question 5

What are stolons?

Answer 5

Stems that extend out from the parent plants, forms roots at intervals and estabilish possibly independent plants.

Question 6

Describe budding:

Answer 6

New individuals are formed as outgrowth or buds from the bodies of older animals

Question 7

Describe regeneration:

Answer 7

Regenerated cells contain identical information to the severed arms

Question 8

What are the disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 8

Cannot purge deleterious mutation and low diversity means less able to adapt to environmental change

Question 9

What are spores?

Answer 9

Specialized cells that are capable of developing into new organisms.

Question 10

What is gametogenesis?

Answer 10

The production of gametes through meiosis and it occurs in gonads

Question 11

What is spermatogenesis?

Answer 11

The production of 4 sperm cells from a single male germ cell

Question 12

What’s oogenesis?

Answer 12

The production of an ovule from a single female germ cell

Question 13

What’s spawning or mating?

Answer 13

The process by which two gametes are brought together

Question 14

What’s Fertilization?

Answer 14

The process by which two gametes fuse

Question 15

What are the three steps of sexual reproduction?

Answer 15

• Gametogenesis
• Mating or Spawning
• Fertilization

Question 16

What’s a gametophyte?

Answer 16

The haploid phase of the alternation of generation which produce gametes

Question 17

What’s a sporophyte?

Answer 17

The diploid phase of the alternation of generation which produce spores

Question 18

What’s heteromorphic sex cycle?

Answer 18

The two generations differ in terms of morphology

Question 19

What’s isomorphic sex cycle?

Answer 19

The two generations are the same despite genetic differences

Question 20

What’s haplontic sex cycle?

Answer 20

Most of the life cycle is haploid and the diploid phase is unicellular

Question 21

What’s a diplontic sex cycle?

Answer 21

All cells except gametes are diploid

Question 22

What’s antheriudium?

Answer 22

Is a male sex organ in which sperm are produced in large numbers

Question 23

What’s archegonium?

Answer 23

Is a multicellular, flask shaped female sex organ with a long neck and a swollen base, which produce and protect a single egg

Question 24

What’s homospory?

Answer 24

The condition in which land plants produce a single type of haploid spores

Question 25

What’s heterospory?

Answer 25

The condition in which land plants have two different types of spores.

Question 26

What’s dykariotic?

Answer 26

An organism that doesn’t have gametes cells but gamet nuclei that differe genetically from one another (n+n)