Week 7

Question 1

What is the key issue with self-referential statements like “This sentence is false”? -

Answer 1

They create contradictions that defy conventional truth-values.

Question 2

In the context of modal logic which of the following statements is an example of necessity? -

Answer 2

It is necessary that all triangles have three sides.

Question 3

Which of the following best explains a modal operator in logic? -

Answer 3

It is a symbol that expresses necessity or possibility.

Question 4

In the “possible worlds” framework a statement is necessarily true if: -

Answer 4

It is true in all possible worlds.

Question 5

Which of the following statements best represents a paradox of self-reference? -

Answer 5

“This sentence is false.”

Question 6

How does tense logic attempt to resolve McTaggart’s Paradox concerning time? -

Answer 6

By treating time as a series of static situations with different tense operators.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a conditional puzzle involving time? -

Answer 7

“If you miss the bus you will be late.”

Question 8

In modal logic what does the operator ◊ (diamond) indicate -

Answer 8

Possibility

Question 9

What is the Liar Paradox an example of? -

Answer 9

A sentence that asserts its own falsehood creating a contradiction.

Question 10

Which of the following conditionals presents a challenge to classical logic’s understanding of truth? -

Answer 10

“If 2 + 2 equals 4 then dogs can fly.”