Week 7 Flashcards
Primate
mammals that are adapted to life in trees, eat wide variety of food, invest time into care in a few offspring
Uniparous
Having one baby at a time
Humans are?
Apes
Time depth
The diff between old events and very old events usually over millions over years ago
Fossil Record
It is fragmentary because most organisms don’t get buried or become fossils.
Hominin
The group of modern humans, extinct humans species, and immediate ancestor
Prognathism
The outward projectedness of a face or skull
Dexterity
the ability to manipulate our hands and fingers
Bipedalism
The ability to walk on two legs
Facultative Bipeds
Temporarily able to walk on two legs
Why be Bipedal?
Frees the hands for other use and more energy efficient
Cons of Bipedalism
Injuries can occur like slipped disk joint pain also childbirth more difficult
Ardipithecus Group
The earliest humans an closest link to other primates
Ardipithecus Ramidus
“Ardi” famous skeletal remains for human primate with grasping toe and other primate features
Australopithecines Group
A group of Human primates that were known to be Obligate Bipeds and had large molars, U shaped dental arcade, slightly larger height than previous groups
Lucy
Famous skeletal remains of a hominin from the Australopithecines Group
Latoli Foot prints
A discovered pair of footprints that are believed to have belonged by a male and female Australopithecines Hominin
Paranthropus Group
A group of hominids that are divided into two different types: Gracile (narrow) or Robust (thicker) skull
Niche
The match of a species to an environmental location
Robust Australopithecines
Had large chewing muscles , Huge molars, Flared face
Oldowan Tools
Stone tools have been found in 3.3 mya (i think that means million) very simple usually a rock with sharp or jagged edge
Homo Habilis
Oldest member of Genus Homo. “handy man” skeletal remains with somewhat prognathic face, slightly increased brain size, likely were scavengers not hunter
Homo Rudolfensis
another species similar to habilis but slightly larger brain size and molars
Homo Erectus
Our closest ancestor to the homo sapien, it skeleton features a larger brain and the ability to stand up right
Omnivores
animals that eat both plants and animals
Acheulean Tools
A more complicated version of stone tones, a common known tear shaped edge for example
Persistence hunting
A method of hunting that involves chasing prey until it is exhausted. Homo sapiens excelled at this
Island Dwarfism
Big creatures get smaller (happens cus less resources available)
Island Gigantism
Small creatures get bigger (happens cus more resources available or less predators)
AMH
Anatomically Modern Homo sapiens
Archaic humans
the species of human from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens
Homo heidelbergensis
aka Homo erectus 2.0, taller, larger brain, likely ate more meat and hunted more. Common ancestor to both modern humans and neanderthals.
Homo Neanderthalensis
Last species of hominin to share earth with modern humans. They had a larger brain capacity than modern humans, and were more adapted to colder climate
Bergman’s Rule
Cold adapted animals are large (wider Torsos) and have reduced surface area for less heat loss
Allen’s Rule
Cold adapted animals have short limbs reducing surface area where heat would escape
Mousterian stone tools
A more advanced version of stone tool that featured noches and teeth
Levallois Technique
The method to making mousterian tools by breaking flakes off a core stone
Homo Naledi
A species of hominin with a skull similar to homo but with a body like australopithecine. There were 18 individuals found in a cave once believed to be burial grounds
