Week 6 Flashcards
Carl Linnaeus
The Botanist who created the classification system of Taxonomy
Binomial Nomenclature
The naming system for all living organisms
Darwin’s Finches
Darwin collected several small birds and learned that they were the same species but had different features
Alfred Russel Wallace
Published a similar theory of evolution but he called “Descent with Modification”
Natural Selection
The process of reproductive success based on favored traits and disfavored traits
Adaptation
A trait that becomes more common in a population through natural selection for its improvement on fitness in current environment
Mendelian Genetics
Idk DNA genetics passed down from parents or something
Phenotypes
observable traits
Genotypes
Genetic makeup that we cant see made of alleles
Chromosomes
Strands of DNA, humans have 23 pairs of them
Homozygous
an organism has two identical alleles, YY, yy
Heterozygous
An organism has two different alleles, Yy
Dominant allele
The allele that will always overshadow the recessive allele
Recessive allele
the Allele that is usually less likely to be the outcome or overshadowed by dominant
Mendelian Trait
A trait that is determined by a single gene “simple”
Polygenic Trait
A trait who is influenced by more than one gene
Incomplete Dominance
Basically when to genes mix, ex - Straight or Curly hair… Wavy
Co-Dominance
Basically when two dominant alleles are represented, ex - Black or white feathers… white feathers with black specks
Principle of Segregation
The process where is a pair of chromosome splits apart for reproductive DNA
Heritable
Traits that are able to be passed down
Mutations
Random change in a gene or chromosome which may create a new trait
Gene Pool
All of the genetic material within a population
Deme
The part of the population that breeds
Species
Defined by the ability to breed and produce viable offspring or “reproductive isolation”
Temporal Isolation
time when organism cant be together like hibernation
Behavioral Isolation
cant mate because of migration
Mechanical Isolation
Cannot mate because not physically possible
Gamete Incompatibility
Sperm cant fertilize egg
Stabilizing Selection
Selections that maintain phenotype by selecting against deviations
Directional Selection
Selections for one phenotype over others in a population
Disruptive selection
Selection for both extremes of the phenotypic Distribution
Sexual Selection
Non-random mating when an organism choose particular mate
