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HDS > week 7 > Flashcards

week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Cycle of a walkable society / street life:

A

Homes → street life ←→ Business ←→ homes

Transit connects to all these elements

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2
Q

Katie road

A
  • Wide open
  • Could get anywhere quickly
  • By 1970s it was full of traffic
  • 26 lanes wide
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3
Q

why did katie road Induced demand

A

Wider roads
Dispersed Need homes
Dispersed jobs
More traffic

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4
Q

Transport efficiency
Walkability

A
  • Density and more people travelling in a given area
  • Take up less space
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5
Q

Car-dependence

A

Transportation efficiency
- Low density and less people travelling in a given area
- Takes very few cars to create congestion

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6
Q

5 Technologies transformed cities forever - Invented 1880s(becss)

A
  1. Bicycle
  2. Electric street cars
  3. Cars
  4. Steel frame buildings
  5. Safety elevators
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7
Q

when did they make zoning legal

A

1909 - First meeting held for this issue

City planning and the problems of congestion

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8
Q

why was The level of poverty was also an issue in main citys

A

So many people were living in such cramped conditions to live in a place with high job opportunities and not spending money on transit

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9
Q

why Daniel turner criticised subways

A
  • said there is going to be a cycle of congestion on both the subway and the streets
  • Believed we need to spread the city out
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10
Q

when were the first suburbs created

A

Early 1920s

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11
Q

what did New York
inner - city zoning do (1916)

A

Separate classes from each other
Want industrial workers separate from consumers
Berkeley, First family zoning
Keep out low income people

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12
Q

In the early 1900s, what did most transportational professional specialise in

A

Trains, transit workers

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13
Q

What did planners hope transit would do for cities

A

Make it less dense
Made it become more dense

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14
Q

2 reasons why planners didn’t like density

A

They thought it created poverty
Racism
Congestion

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15
Q

2 ways subbers kept out poor people before zoning

A

Would set high unaffordable prices
Create reason ebay only

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16
Q

The first city to adopt single family zoning

A

Berkeley

16
Q

what act did Herbert Hoover
create (PMA)

A

1928, created planning model act
- National conference on street and highway safety

17
Q

what Authority did Herbert Hoover create

A

Created the model municipal traffic ordinance

-Federal housing Authority (FHA)

18
Q

what did the Classification scheme do..

A
  • Categorised whole neighbourhoods weather they think they would pay back their loans
  • These places could not get any bank founding
    These neighbourhoods went into decline
19
Q

what were the FHA guidelines

A

They wanted roads that are more targeting toward driving VS walking

20
Q

What reason did it lead to exclusionary zoning being widely adopted ?

A

Model planning act gave cities the tool that would implant zoning with legal approval and could not be called rasist

21
Q

This classification scheme penalised which 2 things

A

Low income
Race

22
Q

Canadian version of FHA

A

CMHC (Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation)

23
Q

They were not selling enough cars

A
  • They need to convince the gov to build more road
  • Most successful act of lobbying
24
Q

where did the Erskine Bureau for Street traffic research occur

A

Harvard 1926

25
Q

what did Erskine Bureau for Street traffic research at Harvard teach

A
  • They had people who worked from the car industry to influence and teach new engineers to make cities for cars
  • Created new experts
    If there’s traffic wider roads - their ideas

Municipal Engineers → Civil Engineers

26
Q

What is one reason auto sales slumped in 1920?

A

They called this the floor space problem.

27
Q
A
28
Q

2 fundamental principles established by the 1927 model municipal traffic ordinance

A

Pedestrians were pushed out of the street to allow more cars
Floor space, wider roads

29
Q

Hoovers “conference” shifted authority over traffic from

A

Municipal Engineers → Civil Engineers

30
Q

If downtown interests were so powerful in 1920 why didn’t they fight policies that undermined downtowns?

A
  • They thought they needed parking and highway
  • Misunderstood logic

HDS (9 decks)

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