week 4 Flashcards
what theory did Alan fiske create
Fiske (1992) proposed a unified theory of social relations that could help explain many findings in social psychology.
what 4 psychological models did Fiske propose(CEAM)
Communal sharing
Authority ranking
Equality matching,
Market pricing.
Communal sharing
Everyone shares and contributes
Feel as though you are obligated
You choose to do it
More likely in small groups because you all know and care for each other (hunter-gatherer groups )
Authority ranking
- Being told to do something
No reciprocal relationship
Ex. your parents make you shovel your driveway - Complex hunter-gatherer groups because there are elders/possessions
- Uruk
Equality matching
-Reciprocity
- You are both on the same level
Market pricing
- Bartering
- Strangers
- high valuable goods
Kahoon - 1895 BCE
- Temple made for higher people
when was Kahoon built
1895 BCE
what was Kahoon
- a worker village, for people building a temple for high people
- Egyptian society was organised as one big Authority ranking (one big company)
what did the workers keep helping build the temple
- They would need to go to the temple every day to get food to keep them under/rely on authority
- Everyone had a job
- When it was off season and you couldn’t make crops, they would build
- If you are fired you are killed, no replacement job
what made the Kahoon workers isolated/ keep them from starting higheracy
- there was no place to store water of food (you could have better blongings than others)
- Would get bread and beer, just enough to keep them alive
-There was no common area (social control)
what would the elite class of Kahoon use for money
The elite class would use the bread and beer like money being able to barter because they had so much
when was the The Bronze Age Collapse
1200 BC
what was the The Bronze Age Collapse
- Everyone was using bronze for their weapons
- Whole cities were depopulated
- Invasion, drought, fammon
If societies were organised like one big company why might they have been at greater risk of complete collapse?
- If you keep all your eggs in one basket, there is no backup up
- One vertical structure to organized society and if it falls there is no backup system
In Greece they traded..
money
the development of money
- started as Chunks of silver, a camonity, nothing special (barter money)
- Then they started imprinting silver (coins)
why did people trust silver as valuable
People trust that silver has value because it made nice things like jewellery
how did coins change money value
- Coins became more valuable than the silver (money)
- Coins made for simply exchange
- The value of coins is shown though being able to compare completely unrelated stuff (ex. Shampoo is 10 coins, phone is 1,000 coins) you can now tell how much value each item holds because you are comparing it to the sample variable
Silver VS silver coins
- The elite class in egypt traded standardised chunks of metal for luxury goods
- Silver will be used for what its made of, silver coins will be used for there worth
Voluntary Control (IOY)
- Using the “I OWE YOU” in society through coins
If you buy 10 dollar shoes you expect a reaction worth of 10 dollars
People stick to the “i owe you” because everyone wants society to owe them more
Money was invented in
First coins Lydian money: 600 BC
Then brought Athens : 545-515 BCE
Athenian Golden Age: 400s BCE
what did money allow…
Money brings a hierarchy through
(strangers where a trade off can happen without needed to even speak about it (buying coffee from the coffee shop)
You don’t need to have a personal
relationship with anyone
Money allows us with so much freedom, by letting us decide how we live
Money allows you the option to get something, creates lots of ideas and diversity
Tristan calls money the greatest tech invented for strangers trading with strangers
Money helped cities thrive by…
- creating more people in power (horizontal organisation)
- greater freedom to choose how u want to serve/offer other people
- Allows empires to grow bigger then they ever have before
Aristotle
He criticised money, as it gave the poorer people a another kind of hierarchy
The higher elite people want there to be one hierarchical pyramid
Merchtains gaining power could take power from the original aristocrats
life style of Mediaeval europe
- Everyone had their jobs
- Village scale
- They never had money
- The lord was incharge, has the responsibilities to protect/laws the village, the villagers serve the lord by providing goods
whats coins were in what cities
- Copper coins were in the biggest cities
- Silver in the smaller cities
After the roman empire collapsed, europe returned to being …
a non-monetary or very primitive society
Feudal estates relied on these 3 of fikes models…
communal sharing
equity matching
authority ranking
