Week 7 Flashcards
what % patients take meds as Rx
40%
What strats should be used when educating a patient
. Various strategies including verbal, written, and tactile approaches should be applied in education sessions
health behaviour theory
A. The transtheoretical model suggests that all patients have the capacity to change their behaviour, but need to be coached or motivated
B. Patients have the need to self-preserve and thus, will be motivated to change depending on the degree of the perceived threat
C. Determinants of health include personal, behavioural, and environmental influencers
behavioural change theory
desc why ppl adopt or fail to adopt specific behaviours
critisized for focus on behaviour and not env factors
Ecological models
present health as interaction btwn person and their ecosystem
Health belief model
suggests that person’s percieved threat and belief in effectiveness incluence addoption
1) perceived susceptibility
- perception of risk of aquiring illness or disease
2)perceived severity
perception of seriousness of contracting illness or disease
-medical and social consequences
1,2 TOGETHER MAKE PERCEIVED THREAT OF DISEASE
3) perceived benefits
- persons perception of the effectiveness of the behaviour or actions to reduce threat of illness or disease
4) perceived barriers
- perceived obstacles to recommended behaviours/actions
3 minus 4 supports health behaviour change
5) self efficacy
- persons confidence to successfully perform behaviour or action
personal characteristics
- age, gender, sex, ed
- influence/mod indiv’s perception
Cues to action
- trig decision making process
- internal (ilness or disease)
- external (fam memb says smthing/ advice from HCP)
Health belief model (limitation)
- more descriptive than explanatory
- dosent sugg strat to alter health related behaviours/ actions
social cognitive theory
personal factors in an equilibrium with environmental influences and behaviours
key constructs
observational learning: role models
reinforcement: rewards
self efficacy -goal setting and monitering
self control - foal setting and monitering
limitation to the stages of change model
assumes patient coherent and logical in decision making process
social ecological model
factors may promote or constrain health behaviours
individual
-knowledge and personality
interpersonal
-interactions with others
organizational
-regulations and policies
community
-formal and informal social norms
public policy
-provincial or territorial policies or laws that regulate health practices
within the PPCP what part is important for councilling
communicaiton is at the core of the PPCP
Collect and asses
Patient
- learning style
- confidence
- cognitive/physical ability
Environment
- comfortable
- confidential
- safe
what is at the core of the PPCP
communication
caveates of the learning styles
- evidense says ppl have preference for learning
- less evidence suggest teaching to persons learning style improves understanding
- certain teaching styles more effective for spec materials regardless of preferred style
BUT if patient has preferecne, should adhere to best council (patient centered)
Patient care implementation
variety of ed methods and materials
individualize teaching based on patient needs and characteristics
-age, culture, literacy
give op to patient to internalize and reflect on provided info, understand and apply it
infants
birth-2yrs
sensorymotor stage
cou cil parents/caregivers
toddlers/preschool
preoperational stage (2-6)
cause and effect difficult
- how behaviour relate to health
- engage in magical thinking
icebreaker to gain attention and confidence
simple terms
“The medicine you’ll get will go into your body and make your throat feel better. It will only work if you take it three times every day. Your mom will help you know when to take the medicine and when to stop taking the medicine. Be sure to use all the medicine, even if you think you’re feeling better.”
