Week 6: Peripheral Region

Question 1

Brachial Plexus

Answer 1

C5-T1, divided into spinal level, trunks, division cords, and branches. One peripheral nerve typically has axons from multiple spinal levels. a network of nerves in the shoulder that carries movement and sensory signals from the spinal cord to the arms and hands

Question 2

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Answer 2

The brachial plexus arteries, and veins travel through the thoracic outlet. Caused by compression of the brachial plexus onto the clavicle or first rib. Locations of paresthesia and referred pain depend on which nerves are compressed.

Question 3

Lumbar Plexus

Answer 3

T12-L4 (L4 and L5 overlap in the lumbar plexus and sacral plexus), innervates the anterior and medial thigh

Question 4

Sacral Plexus

Answer 4

S1-S4, innervates the posterior thigh and most of the leg and foot

Question 5

Neuropathy

Answer 5

Peripheral neuropathy happens when the nerves that are located outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves) are damaged. This condition often causes weakness, numbness and pain, usually in the hands and feet.

Question 6

Polyneuropathy

Answer 6

Polyneuropathy is the simultaneous malfunction of many peripheral nerves throughout the body.

Question 7

Mononeuropathy

Answer 7

Mononeuropathy is a type of damage to a nerve outside the brain and spinal cord (peripheral neuropathy). Mononeuropathy is most often caused by injury.

Question 8

Mononeuropathy multiplex

Answer 8

Mononeuropathy multiplex, a type of peripheral neuropathy, happens when there is damage to at least two different areas of the peripheral nervous system.

Question 9

Plexopathy

Answer 9

Brachial plexopathy is a form of peripheral neuropathy. It occurs when there is damage to the brachial plexus

Question 10

Radiculopathy

Answer 10

Commonly referred to as a pinched nerve, radiculopathy is injury or damage to nerve roots in the area where they leave the spine

Question 11

Axonal neuropathies

Answer 11

Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a rare inherited disorder that affects the peripheral and central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system sends signals that control movement and sensation between the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) and all other parts of the body.

Question 12

demyelinating neuropathies

Answer 12

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a neurological disorder that involves progressive weakness and reduced senses in the arms and legs. It is caused by damage to the fat-based protective covering on nerves called the myelin sheath

Question 13

Hypoesthesia

Answer 13

Hypoesthesia or numbness is a common side effect of various medical conditions that manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli.

Question 14

Hyperesthesia

Answer 14

Hyperesthesia is a neurological condition that causes a person extreme sensitivity to touch, pain, pressure, and thermal sensations.

Question 15

Dyesthesia

Answer 15

Dysesthesia is a sensation people often describe as painful, itchy, burning, or restrictive.

Question 16

Causalgia

Answer 16

severe burning pain in a limb caused by injury to a peripheral nerve.

Question 17

Cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 17

Cubital tunnel syndrome is neuropathy of the ULNAR nerve causing symptoms of numbness and shooting pain along the medial aspect of the forearm, also including the medial half of the fourth digit and the fifth digit

Question 18

Guyon’s canal

Answer 18

Guyon’s canal also called ulnar tunnel or ulnar canal, is an anatomical fibro-osseous canal located on the medial side of the hand.

Question 19

Bicycle riders syndrome

Answer 19

Cyclist’s palsy typically develops during long-distance or prolonged cycling and occurs with both mountain bike and road cyclists. The position of the hands while holding the handlebar puts pressure on the nerves in the wrist. ULNAR

Question 20

Waiters tip position

Answer 20

the affected arm adducted at the shoulder and internally rotated, the elbow extended, the forearm pronated, and the fingers and wrists flexed. C5 C6 C7

Question 21

Claw hand deformity

Answer 21

Claw hand causes your fingers to bend in toward your wrist. ULNAR

Question 22

Winging of the scapula

Answer 22

The term ‘winged scapula’ (also scapula alata) is used when the muscles of the scapula are too weak or paralyzed, resulting in a limited ability to stabilize the scapula. As a result, the medial or lateral borders of the scapula protrudes from back, like wings. Seen from wall pushup

Question 23

Bicep tendon reflex

Answer 23

Biceps reflex: flexion of the forearm. You will feel the biceps tendon contract if the biceps reflex is stimulated by the tap on the brachioradialis tendon

Question 24

Froments sign

Answer 24

The Froment’s sign is used to test the function of the adductor pollicis muscle. when pinching a piece of paper between the thumb and index finger against resistance, the thumb IP joint will flex if the adductor pollicis muscle is weak

Question 25

An OTR administers a bicep tendon reflex screening. The OTR correctly strikes their thumb over the client’s cubital fossa. Nothing happens. This best indicates which of the following?

Answer 25

Upper Brachial Plexus damage

Question 26

A client is referred to occupational therapy after sustaining a thoracic nerve injury. Which of the following symptoms is the client most likely to experience

Answer 26

Winging of the scapula

Question 27

Matching

Answer 27

Hypoesthesia - Decreased perception of sensation
Hyperesthesia - Increased perception of sensation
Dyesthesia - the feeling of unpleasant sensations
Causalgia - the feeling of intense burning sensations

Question 28

If a nerve injury is indicated, the OTR should assess which of the following?

Answer 28

All of the above (strength, range of motion, and sensation)

Question 29

A client presents to OT due to bicycle riders syndrome. The are innervated by the ulnar nerve in the forearm will be

Answer 29

Intact

Question 30

Which of the following movements does the ulnar nerve control

Answer 30

Pinky finger flexion

Question 31

The brachial plexus is located from ___ spinal cord level to ____

Answer 31

C5 to T1

Question 32

True or False: Peripheral Nerves once damaged cannot regenerate

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Which plexus innervates most of the leg and foot

Answer 33

Sacral Plexus

Question 34

Which of the following peripheral nerves does NOT innervate the hand?

Answer 34

Axillary (Medium, Ulnar, and Radial)