Week 6 - Oral Manifestations of Haematological Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
coagulopathies - describe the acquired and congenital types
A
acquired: alcoholism, thrombocytopenia, drugs
congenital: haemophilia A/B, von Willebrand disease, antiphospholipid syndrome
2
Q
why should oral disease be prevented in those with coagulopathies?
A
- there can be life threatening sequelae, such as uncontrolled bleeding or risk of DVT and PE
3
Q
oral signs of coagulopathies?
A
- bleeding gums: could either occur spontaneously, or on brushing, eating.
- can occur first thing in the morning or after an invasive procedure
4
Q
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
- what kind of disease?
- symptom?
- treated with?
- what should be avoided? (procedures? drugs?)
A
- autoimmune disease
- prolonged bleeding
- steroids or splenectomy
- avoid regional blocks, avoid aspirin or NSAIDs (will damage platelets)
5
Q
acquired coagulopathies - what type of drugs taken to cause coagulopathy?
A
- warfarin
- heparin
6
Q
acquired coagulopathies - alcohol:
- bleeding tendency due to?
- thrombocytopenia due to?
- how to manage?
A
- bleeding tendency due to liver cirrhosis
- due to bone marrow suppression
- liaising with GMP
7
Q
congenital coagulopathies - example of diseases?
A
- von willebrand
- haemophilia A
- haemophilia B
- antiphospholipid syndrome
- von leden’s syndrome
8
Q
haematological malignancies - examples?
A
- leukaemia
- lymphoma
- multiple myeloma
9
Q
oral signs and symptoms of haematological disorders?
A
- bleeding
- infection: dental abscess, candida, primary herpes
- ulcers
- gingival swelling
- lymphadenopathy
10
Q
dental treatment of those with haematological disorders - management?
A
- liaise with GP
- take note of bleeding
- infections?
- avoid blocks
- treatment complicated by steroids, chemotherapy, low platelet count, bisphosphonates
- follow protocol for oral care during chemotherapy (if relevant)
- emphasis on prevention of oral disease
