Week 6 - narratives

Question 1

a definition of narrative

Answer 1

“the relation in speech or writing of a sequence of two or more
events in which a connection between these events is implied”

Question 2

LABOV AND WALETZKY

Model for analysis of narrative

Answer 2

o ORIENTATION (who, what, when, where?): Set scene for Hearer
o COMPLICATION (then what happened?) Events that make up story
o EVALUATION (so what?) Speaker's attitude to story (giving it significance)
o RESOLULTION (what finally happened?) Result of Narrative
o CODA (what does that mean to us?) Return to Present Moment Perspective

Question 3

Cohesive Narrative(four ways to create)

Answer 3

Speaker tries to present coherent narrative. hearer must:

• Keep track of PARTICIPANTS
• how they are involved in EVENTS
• distinguish SPEAKER’S COMMENTS /about/ events from events themselves

1. REFERENCE
2. ELLIPSIS
3. CONJUNCTION
4. LEXICAL COHESION

Question 4

Ellipsis (and substitution)

Answer 4

OMISSION of a word OR words that are SUPERFLUOUS or able to be UNDERSTOOD from CONTEXTUAL CLUES

Can you swim?
Yes [I can swim]!
… set them right off and [they] attacked the guy. [they] Didn’t kill him …

SUB:
Bill, would you like some coffee?
Sorry, I just realised that there isn’t any [coffee]

Question 5

Lexical cohesion

Answer 5

grammatical and lexical LINKING within a TEXT/SENTENCE that HOLDs a text TOGETHER and gives it meaning

• repetition,
• related terms (synonymy, hyponymy)

Question 6

CONJUNCTIONS

Answer 6

WORD used to CONNECT CLAUSES/SENTENCES or COORDINATE words in same clause

and, anyway, if, now, but

Question 7

reference

Answer 7

a participant or circumstance is introduced at one place in the
narrative and serves as a reference point for something that follows

Pronouns:
Peter, Peter, pumpkin eater
Had a wife and couldn’t keep her.
He put her in a pumpkin shell
And there he kept her very well.

demonstratives:
(of a determiner or pronoun) indicating the person or thing referred to (e.g. this, that, those, it, there)