Week 6: Kinship, Marriage, and Family Flashcards
Kinship in relation to mode of production and political structure
- Kinship in relation to mode of production and political structure
- Tribes, horticultural, some pastoral societies, ranked, kinship and marriage, extended family
- Chieftainships, food-producing, stratified, centralized, kinship and marriage, slaves through warfare, extended family
- States, food producing and industrial, stratified, centralized, citizenship, nuclear or extended family
- Nuclear family is what is familiar to most of us
Social Institution
- Kinship
- Descent Groups
- Marriage
- Family
- Community
Marriage and Family
- Marriage and family help organize social roles, rights, and responsibilities
- Many forms of marriage have existed throughout time and across cultures
- Many diff types of marriage, some dont have same etc
- Ghost marriage, and your not having sex with them
Marriage
- Sexual relations are sanctioned
- Sexual division of labor exists, but resources will be shared
- Childcare and inheritance are managed
Monogamy
Single partner
Polygamy
Multiple partners
Polgyny
Multiple wives
Polyandry
Multiple husbands
Filiation
legitimate filiation or parentage flowed from the marriage between the mother of a child and her husband
Exogamy
Marriage partners must come from different groups
Endogamy
Marriage partners must come from the same group
Incest taboo
Universal, certain family members, parents and children taboo, in some cultures cousins are taboo
Bride price
Gifts that a groom’s family is required to give to the bride’s family
Dowry
Gifts that a bride’s family are required to give to the groom’s family or to the new couple
Arranged marriage
(ideally) a mutually beneficial arrangement between two families of similar backgrounds
Arranged
A marriage planned and agreed by the families or guardians of the couple concerned rather than by the couple themselves
Levirate and Sororate
If husband dies, she marries the brother, if wife dies brother marries the sister
Polygamy
A marriage in which one spouse (man or woman) has several other spouses
Ghost Marriage
A practice similar to the levirate, whereby a woman marries a man in the name of his deceased brother
Patrilocal
husband’s home or community
Matrilocal
wife’s home or community
Avunculocal
husband’s maternal uncle, husband’s mother’s brother
Ambilocal
either or, the couple chooses
Neolocal
set up a new, independent household
Household
Domestic unit of residence
Nuclear family
Neolocal residence
Extended (joint) family
- Matrillocal or patrilocal residence
- Grandparents, could include like siblings and their spouses, 2-3 generations
Kinship
- Kinship refers to family relations
- Organizes roles and responsibilities within the family
- Fictive kinship brings people together in chosen families
Family Structure
- Nuclear
- Extended
- Blended
Unilineal
- Patrilineal
- Matrilineal
Multilineal
- Double descent
- Ambilineal
- Bilateral
Double descent
Ambilineal
Bilateral
A system of descent in which individuals receive some rights and obligations from the father’s side of the family and others from the mother’s side
Ambilineal descent
A form of descent in which a person chooses to affiliate with a kin group through either the male or the female line
Bilateral descent
A type of kinship system in which individuals emphasize both their mother’s kin and their father’s kin relatively equally
Types of Community
- Community of location
- Community of identity
- Community of purpose
- Community of circumstance
