Week 6 Intro to Stroke Flashcards
What is CVA/Stroke?
A disease of the cerebral vasculature where there is a failure to supply oxygen to the brain.
What is TIA: Transient Ischemic Attack?
Either thrombotic or embolic with reversible defects, effects must resolve in less than 24hr.
What is Infarct?
A localized area of tissue that is dying or dead. Due to obstruction in blood supply.
Which types of stroke is most common among ischemic strokes?
Embolic
How does embolic stroke form and come about causing stroke?
Abrupt onset
No warning
Caused by emboli that originates from the cardiac system
What is thrombic stroke?
Occlusion of a vessel due to a clot forming in the brain
Which stroke may have warning signs and may have TIA signs?
Thrombic
What is the most common cause of thrombic strokes?
Abnormal arterial vessel wall (atherosclerosis)
Deep Hypertensive Intracerebral strokes?
Small penetrating arteries deep in the brain are damaged due to HTN
Develops in minutes to an hour.
Rapid recovery in first 2-3 months
What symptoms do patients present when having Deep Hypertensive Intracerebral strokes?
The patient is awake and under emotional distress.
Vomiting and headache
Where does Spontaneous Labor Stroke occur?
Outside of basal ganglia in the white matter of the cerebral cortex.
Spontaneous Labor Stroke is often associated with a client with?
AVM, bleeding, diatheses, tumors, aneurysms in the circle of Willis.
Spontaneous Labor Stroke what are the symptoms?
Acute onset of symptoms
coma/stupor much less common
headaches common
What is Ruptured Saccular Aneurysms characterized by?
Acute onset of severe headache Brief loss of consciousness Nausea Vomiting Focal neurologic deficits Stiff neck.
Bleeding from an arteriovenous malformation stroke can be found?
throughout the body and can occur in any part of the brain.
Usually congenital
What are the symptoms of an arteriovenous malformation stroke?
Headaches and seizures.
What FAST stand for?
F – Facial dropping /asymmetry of the face
A – Arm weakness/ one side weakness of the body
S – Speech difficulties
T – Time call 991.
What is the acute care hospital role with stroke patients?
Just long enough to get the client medically stable and formulate d/c plan.
What is the average stay in acute care?
less than a week.
What is the role of OT in acute care?
Evaluate and make recommendations for d/c
Patient and family education
Decrease risk for complications
Initiate OT rehabilitation.
In the Evaluation and recommendations for the d/c role, what does OT do or have to do?
Check for MD orders
Review the medical record and communication with RN/MD
Begin with a gross assessment of mental status, strength, and vital signs.
Assess motor skills, cognitive functioning, and ADLs.
In the Patient and Family education, what is important to do, and educate about?
With is CVA and patients function What are the symptoms the client is presenting with What can family and friends do to help What is OT Recommendation for d/c
What are the risk of complications and
Contractures
Fall prevention
DVT
Skin Integrity
In the section on OT rehabilitation initiation, what can we do?
Splinting Positioning Bed mobility Weight-bearing for function Edema management Shoulder management Dysphagia
