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Physical Disability Intervention II > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

Placing the UE in Sling will reduce sublaxation how much ?

A

50%

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2
Q

E-stim and subluxation may improve what?

A

Strength, joint alignment, spasticity, and sensory deficits

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3
Q

Is there evidence for pain reduction with e-stim?

A

NO

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4
Q

Did e-stim improve pain free PROM

A

Yes.

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5
Q

What is early stage of ALS?

A 
Facial weakness in arms, legs, or bulbar muscles.
Trips or drop things
Slurred speech 
Abnormal fatigue
Uncontrollable laugh/cry
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6
Q

How does the progress of ALS looks like?

A 
Marked muscle atrophy
weight loss
spasticity
muscle cramps
fasciculation
difficulty walking, dressing, FMC, swallowing, breathing.
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7
Q

What does a person with ALS will need at the end life stage?

A

Feeding tube and ventilator

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8
Q

How long does a person live after onset of ALS

A

2 to 5 years.

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of early huntingdons disease ?

A

Alterations in behavior
change in cognitive functioning
Choreiform movement of the hands

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10
Q

What are the symptoms of middle stage huntingdons disease ?

A

Memory and decision making skills.

Gait and balance disturbances

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of late huntingdons disease ?

A 
Verbal comprehension
Dysarthria 
Depression worsens
Bradykinesia and akinesia 
Increased difficulty with handwriting 
Slow saccadic and ocular eye movements 
Dysphagia and chocking hazard
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12
Q

What does stage one Parkinsons disease look like?

A

Min Symptoms
Usually tremors
Symptoms dont affect daily routines

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13
Q

What does stage two Parkinsons disease look like?

A

Diseases starts to affect whole body

Routines activities may take longed to complete

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14
Q

What does stage three Parkinsons disease look like?

A

Loss of balance and coordination.

Routines may become difficult.

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15
Q

What does stage four Parkinsons disease look like?

A

Nearly impossible to live on your own.

Routines activities should no be performed alone.

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16
Q

What does stage five Parkinsons disease look like?

A

Confined to bed. Dementia, confusion and hallucinations begin.

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17
Q

Guillain Barre disease?

A

Rare autoimmune disease.
Requiring a long period of recovery
Body’s immune system attack the peripheral nervous system.

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18
Q

GB. Damage to the myelin sheath prevents nerve function that lead to?

A

muscle weakness, pain, or paralysis of entire body.

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19
Q

Clinical picture of GB?

A

Rapid progressive weakness of bilateral extremities distal to proximal.
Brain dose not receive signals from body and vice versa

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20
Q

What are the first symptoms of GB?

A

Tingling
crawling skin,
painful sensation that begins in the hands and feet

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21
Q

IF the demyelination continues it may impact?

A

breathing, speaking, swallowing, blood pressure and HR

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22
Q

What is the initial/Acute phase of GB?

A

Last one to tow weeks. Until there is no more decline.

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23
Q

What is the OT role in the initial/acute phase of GB?

A 
PROM 
Positioning 
splinting and preventing contracture/deformity 
Passive activities like watching TV
Address anxiety, fear and panic
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24
Q

What is the Plateau Phase of GB?

A

Were physical status is stable. NO decline or recovery yet.

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25
Q

What is Recovery phase of GB?

A

Slow physical recovery. It can be up to 2 years. Spontaneous recovery

26
Q

What can OT do during recovery phase of GB?

A

Prevent muscle belly tenderness, fatigue, and further damage to nerves
Address proximal joints first then distal
Introduce activities based on fatigue and tolerance
AE, compensatory strategies, energy conservation, joint protection
Lifestyle redesign.

27
Q

Y tape used for?

A

Inhibit muscle stimuli

28
Q

I Tape for?

A

Acute injuries (edema, pain, correct alignment)

29
Q

X tape for?>

A

Variety of movement required of a joint

30
Q

Donut- Web/Fan

A

Used for edema

31
Q

In order to inhibit overused or stretched muscles we want to apply tape from?

A

Insertion to origin

32
Q

In order to facilitate weak or under performing muscles we want to apply tape from?

A

Origin to insertion

33
Q

Open brain injury?

A

Depends on the shape, mass, direction and velocity of the object.

34
Q

Closed brain injutry consist of?

A

indirect or direct impact without penetration

35
Q

Dynamic lading injury?

A

Rapid acceleration and deceleration of the brain (MVA)

36
Q

Static Loading injury?

A

Crush injury/slow mechanical force applied to the brain

37
Q

Focal

A

Direct blow to the head with external object/fall or penetrating injury from a weapon, collision of the brain inner tables of the skull.
Common with falls

38
Q

What is Coup?

A

Direct site of injury

39
Q

Countercopu

A

Indirect site of injury

40
Q

What is Epidural Hematomas (EDH) ?

A

associated with skull fracture and disruption of meningeal arteries

41
Q

What is Subdural Hematomas (SDH)

A

Occurs between dura and brain surface due to tering of bridging veins

42
Q

Pre-Frontal and Anterior temporal areas (SDH)

A

Memory, emotion, and motivation

43
Q

Orbitofrontal Area SHD

A

impulsivity

44
Q

Frontalateral Cortex SHD?

A

Impulsivity, hemiparesis, attention and mental flexibility

45
Q

Multifocal and Diffuse Brain injury?

A

Often cause by sudden deceleration of the body and head with variable forces and deeper portions of the brain.

46
Q

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) common when?

A

Missile wound and common after falls and assault

47
Q

Subarachnoid Hemorrage (SAH) and Interventricular Hemorrhage (IVH) occurs when?

A

Pia or arachnoid is torn

48
Q

Diffuse Axonal Injuries (DAIs) or Traumatic Axonal Injury (TAI) caused by?

A

rapid deceleration and rotation of the brain in the skill.
Cerebrum rotates around the brainstem.
Results in coma.

49
Q

Primary Injury occurs ?

A

At the time of trauma

Examples of Hemorrhage, infarction and herniation of brain tissue

50
Q

Secondary injury results from?

A

brain swelling, closed space and loss perfusion and decreased delivery of oxygen.

51
Q

Comma is?

A

Absence of awareness of self and environment

52
Q

Vegetative State?

A

Wakefulness without awareness

53
Q

What is Minimally Conscious State (MCS)?

A

Evidence of awareness of self and/or environment
Must have at least 1 of the following.
Follow commands, gestures, or verbal yes or no responses, intelligible verbalization and purposeful movement

54
Q

Post Traumatic Amnesia (PTA)

A

Length of time from the injury to the moment individual regain ongoing memory of daily events
Longer PTA poorer outcomes
>4 weeks indicates of significant long-term disability

55
Q

PTA score < 10 minutes

A

very mild

56
Q

PTA score 10 to 60 min

A

mild

57
Q

PTA score 1 to 24 h

A

moderate

58
Q

PTA score 1 to 7 days

A

Severe

59
Q

PTA score> 7 days

A

very severe

60
Q

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

A

A neurological disease associated with repeated head trauma

Results in global brain atrophy

Physical Disability Intervention II (6 decks)

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