Week 6 - Cognitive Impairments Flashcards
Alzheimer’s - how it affects the brain
Hippocampus
Temporal lobe
Sequencing
Alzheimer’s - distinguishing features
Ability to understand, think, remember and emotions are lost
Alzheimer’s - course of the disease
Early, middle, and late stages
Better to worse
Forgetfulness to end of life care
Fronto Temporal Dementia (FTD) - affects the brain
Shrinkage of frontal and temporal lobe
Lack of apathy
FTD - distinguishing features
Tremors
Apraxia
Spasms
Language issues
Personality changes
FTD - course of disease
Early - personality changes
Late - memory decline
Lewy Body - how it affects the brain
Builds up on different structures of the brain
Accumulation of Lewy Bodies (protein)
Lewy body - distinguishing features
Abnormal protein deposits
Hallucinations
Movement disorder
Lewy body - course of disease
2 types of PD dementia
Dementia with Lewy Body leads to movement and cognitive impairment
Exists in pure form or coexists with PD
Vascular dementia - how it affects the brain
Sensory and cognitive functions
Blood vessels are impaired
Visual, hearing, speech, and slow thought
Planning, judgement, and problem solving
Vascular dementia - distinguishing features
Unsteady gait
Tremors
Shivering
Memory
Executive functions
Vascular dementia - course of disease
Early - mood/behavioral changes (depression)
Middle - gait affected, regular motor controls
Late - concentration, hallucinations, loss of speech, muscle tone (rigidity), bowel/bladder problems
Korsakoff dementia - how it affects the brain
Severe lack of vitamin B1
Korsakoff dementia - distinguishing features
Makes up false stories
Korsakoff dementia - course of disease
Early - misuse of alcohol
Middle - malnutrition
Late - malabsorption
Can be reversed with vitamin B1 supplements and rehydration
