Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y2 Exercise Physiology > Week 6 - Cardiovascular Physiology > Flashcards

Week 6 - Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basic function of the CV system?

A 
Delivery of O2
Removal of waste products 
Support thermoregulation and control body fluid balance
Hormone transport
Regulation of immune function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the system parts and functions

A

Heart - pressure creation
Arteries and arterioles - carry blood away from heart
Capillaries - exchange of gases
Veins and venules - carry blood towards the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens to the right side of the heart throughout a complete cycle?

A

Receives blood returning from throughout the body

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens to the left side of the heart throughout a complete cycle?

A

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

Pumps oxygenated blood to all other tissues in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of valves are bicuspid and tricuspid?

A

Atrioventricular valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of semilunar valves?

A

Stops pumped blood returning back into the ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two types of semilunar valves?

A

Pulmonary (right side)

Aortic (left side)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

On an ECG, what does the P wave represent?

A

Atrial, depolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

On an ECG, what does the QRS comples represent?

A

Ventricular depolarisation (masks atrial repolarisation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

On an ECG, what does the T wave represent?

A

Ventricular repolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Henry’s Law?

A

When a mixture of gas is in contact with liquid each gas dissolves in the liquid in proportion to its partial pressure and solubility until equilibrium is achieved and the gas partial pressure are equal in both locations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What pressure gradient do gases diffuse to?

A

From high to low areas of pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is systolic blood pressure the measure of?

A

The pressure exerted by blood on vessel walls during ventricular systole (contraction phase)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is diastolic blood pressure the measure of?

A

The pressure exerted by blood on vessel walls during ventricular diastole (relaxation phase)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is mean arterial pressure calculated?

A

2/3 DBP + 1/3 SBP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is cardiac volume and how is it calculated?

A

Total volume of blood pumped by the ventricle per minute
Q(L) = HR x SV
Q(L) = HR x (ESV - EDV)

17
Q

What is stroke volume and how is it calculated?

A

Total blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat

SV = ESV - EDV

18
Q

What does EDV and ESV stand for and mean?

A

EDV - end diastolic volume, at the end of the relaxtion phase how much blood is there
ESV - end systolic volume, at the end of the contraction phase how much blood is there

19
Q

How is heart rate variability measured using ECG?

A

Assessing R-R variability, (the R from the QRS complex)

20
Q

What type of control is sympathetic and parasympathetic?

A

Autonomic control

21
Q

What does the sympathetic system do to the CV system?

A 
Increase HR 
Increase inotropism (contractions)
22
Q

What does the parasympathetic system do to the CV system?

A 
Decrease HR 
Decrease inotropism (contractions)
23
Q

Regarding HR variability, what is a sign of a healthier heart?

A

More variability, shows our body can quickly respond to stimulus.

24
Q

What has higher HR variability been associated with?

A

Good emotional regulation
Well being
Information processing

25
Q

What has lower HR variability been associated with?

A

Depression, anxiety, poor emotional regulation
IBS
Aging
Cardiac mortality

26
Q

What is VO2 and how is it calculated?

A

The difference between volume of gas inhaled and volume of gas exhaled per unit of time
= [(V1 x F1O2) - (V2 x F2O2)]/T

27
Q

What are the determinants of VO2?

A

Blood flow and oxygen extraction

28
Q

What is maximal oxygen uptake?

A

The integrated functioning of the pulmonary, cardiovascular and muscle systems to uptake, transport and utilise O2

29
Q

Who two athletes had the same VO2max but differing lactate thresholds, who would perform better in an endurance event?

A

The athlete with the lower lactate threshold

30
Q

What happens to BP during exercise and why?

A

Increases due to increase in Q thus more blood flows harder and faster

31
Q

What happens to Q during exercise and why?

A

Q increases
HR increases
SV increases

32
Q

What happens to O2 extraction during exercise and why?

A

Increased extraction of O2 from the blood

Because affinity to Hb decreases

33
Q

What conditions lead to a decrease of O2s affinity to Hb?

A

Increase in acidity
Increase in PCO2
Increase in temp
Increase in 2-3 BPG

34
Q

What is ‘A-VO2 difference’?

A

The difference in oxygen saturation of the blood going to the tissues (in the arteries) and of the blood returning to the heart (in the veins).

35
Q

How are rates of oxygen utilisation increased?

A

Increased extraction of O2 from the blood
Dilation of peripheral vascular beds (increased gas exchange)
Increased Q
Increase in pulmonary blood flow (lungs)
Increased ventilation

Y2 Exercise Physiology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions