Week 6 business research Flashcards
People who verbally answer an interviewer’s questions or provide answers to written questions.
Respondents
a more formal term, which emphasizes that the purpose of contacting respondents is to obtain a representative sample, or subset, of the target population.
Sample Survey
A statistical fluctuation that occurs because of chance variation in
the elements selected for a sample.
Random Sampling Error
Error resulting from some imperfect aspect of the research design that causes respondent error or from a mistake in the execution of the research.
Systematic Error
A persistent tendency for the results of a sample to deviate in one direction from the true value of the population parameter.
Sample Bias
A category of sample bias resulting from some respondent action or
inaction such as nonresponse or response bias.
Respondent Error
The statistical differences between a survey that includes only those who responded and a perfect survey that would also include those who failed to respond.
Nonresponse Error
People who are not contacted or who refuse to cooperate in the
research.
Non Respondents
People who are not at home or who are otherwise inaccessible on the first and second contact.
No Contacts
People who are unwilling to participate in a research project.
Refusals
A bias that occurs because people who feel strongly about a
subject are more likely to respond to survey questions than people who feel indifferent about
it.
Self-Selection Bias
A bias that occurs when respondents either consciously or unconsciously
tend to answer questions with a certain slant that misrepresents the truth.
Response Bias
Even when a respondent is consciously trying to be
truthful and cooperative, response bias can arise from the question format, the question
content, or some other stimulus.
Unconscious Misrepresentation
A response bias may occur when people misrepresent answers to appear
intelligent, conceal personal information, avoid embarrassment, and so on.
Deliberate
Falsification
A tendency for respondents to agree with all or
most questions asked of them in a survey.
Acquiescence Bias
A category of response bias that results because
some individuals tend to use extremes when responding to questions.
Extremity Bias
A response bias that occurs because the
presence of the interviewer influences respondents’ answers.
Interviewer Bias
Bias in responses caused by respondents’
desire, either conscious or unconscious, to gain prestige or appear in a
different social role.
Social Desirability Bias
An error caused by the improper administration or execution of the
research task.
Administrative Error
A category of administrative error that occurs because of
incorrect data entry, incorrect computer programming, or other procedural errors during
data analysis.
Data-Processing Error
An administrative error caused by improper sample design
or sampling procedure execution.
Sample Selection Error
- Mistakes made by interviewers failing to record survey responses
interviewer error
- The practice of filling in fake answers or falsifying questionnaires
while working as an interviewer.
interviewer cheating
