Week 6: Anaemia Flashcards
what is haemoglobin
protein in red blood cells
what does haemoglobin do
binds and trnasports oxygen from capillaries of lungs -> to tissues in body
then CO2 from tissue -> lungs
what are examples of microcytic anaemias
iron deficiency
thalassaemia
what is anaemia in terms of reference ranges
reduce haemoglobin below reference haemoglobin
what is the blood film results for iron deficient anaemia
microcytic hypochromic red cells
pencil cells
target cells
whats the cause of anaemia
malnutrition
malabsorption
blood loss
increased demand
what was does treatment depend on
the cause
what are examples of normacytic anaemias
acute blood loss
anaemia of chronic disease
haemolytic anaemia
myeloma
what happens when theres anaemia in kidney disease
lack of o2 in kidney (hypoxia)
epo stimulated erythropoiesis (turns bone marrow cells into RBCs)
increased o2
what are the haemolytic anaemia markers
haemoglobin
reticulocyte count
bilirubin
LDH
what are two membrane disorders
hereditary elliptocytosis (HE)
hereditary sphaerocytosis (HS)
what are defects in haemoglobin
haemoglobinopathies (sickle cell, haemoglobin C disease)
thalassemia (alpha and beta)
what are examples of internal enzymopathies
G6PD
Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PK def)
what is MAHA
microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
what is TTP
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
