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AAC exam > week 6 > Flashcards

week 6 Flashcards

AAC for adults

1
Q

Impacting Issues for the individual

- unique issues with acquired adult populations

A

o grief and loss issues
o depression
o premorbid levels of functioning
o funding/finances
o other medical factors may impact on their presentation
o variable support networks
o developed skill sets and social networks

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2
Q

Considerations for AAC include:

A
  • Communicative needs
  • Current methods of communication
  • Language (symbols, text, pictures)
  • Cognition
  • Insight/motivation
  • Potential for support
  • Access Method
  • Positioning
  • Behavioural
  • Sensory and perceptual abilities
  • Mobility
  • Communicative intent
  • Daily routine
  • Funding/cost
  • Environments
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3
Q

Low Tech: pros

A 
o	Simple & Quick to implement 
o	Minimal Training for all parties (Often Intuitive) 
o	Often Low cost 
o	Reliable 
o	Works under all environments
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4
Q

Low Tech: cons

A

o Ongoing reliance on AAC Partner whilst communicating
o Patience required by AAC Partner
o AAC Partner to be familiar with strategy
o Privacy/Independence Issues
o Restricted to shorter limited messages

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5
Q

High Tech: pros

A

o Long detailed messages created independently (Privacy)
o Communications stored & recalled (Time management strategies)
o Majority of AAC partners require no training
o Variety of options -Internet, SMS, Word processing, Voice synthesis, ECU

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6
Q

High Tech: cons

A

o Can be complex to setup when required – Power requirements
o System may take a moment to “Start-up”
o Can be time consuming to program/configure
o Detailed training for AAC User & carer
o Purchase / Maintenance costs
o Does System operate in all environments?
o Social Contact

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7
Q

UTILISING SPEECH methods

A

Voice Amplification
Voice Banking
servox (laryngeal cancer device to amplify voice due to no vocal cords)
Voice recognition

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8
Q

Voice Banking

A
  • Recording audio and or video messages can allow a person to replay messages in their voice in order to help retain their own personality and tone of voice
  • Important speeches can be recorded ahead of time
  • In the last 12 months two voice banking (personalised digital voice) options have been integrated into apps – Modeltalker & my-own-voice
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9
Q

Voice recognition

A 
-	Software that uses microphone input as: 
o	Text entry (keyboard alternative) 
o	Control Command 
o	Natural Language Processing 
i.e Alexa
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10
Q

Spelling and reading ability

A
  • Allows for a text based AAC system, which then enables the generation of novel utterances
  • Vision or hearing impairments can be factored into the design (eg. large print, auditory feedback)
  • Cognitive impairments (eg. STM) can be allowed for (for example, in their training)
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11
Q

Communication alternatives

A
  • there are products that are available when independent
  • operation of communication aids becomes difficult
  • E Tran Board
  • Writing
  • Text to Speech output devices
    o a range of ‘type to talk’ AAC devices can allow a person with severe speech impairment to communicate
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12
Q

RATE ENHANCEMENTS

Rate Enhancement Techniques (Technology based)

A
  • Word Prediction
  • Abbreviation Expansion (Stored Phrases)
  • Selection set layout corresponds to access technique
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13
Q

RATE ENHANCEMENTS Key guards

A
  • Key guards can be fitted to both computer keyboards and AAC devices.
  • They allow people with declining digit dexterity to continue to type with accuracy even after handwriting and standard keyboards are no longer viable options.
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14
Q

access mouses

A

Mouse Alternatives
- there are a range of products that can be used with computers in place of a standard computer mouse
Head/Chin/Mouth Controlled Mouse
- These allow a person to control a computer mouse cursor via head moment alone.
- When combined with an onscreen Keyboard they are a complete computer solution and communication tool.

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15
Q

access Scanning

A
  • scanning allows people who can only press a single switch to fully control an AAC device and/or computer
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16
Q

access switches

A

Switches
- a range of off the shelf switch options are available for people with limited movement and strength
- custom switch access
o a range of custom switch options can be specifically manufactured for people with extremely limited movement and strength

17
Q

access Eye Gaze Systems pros and cons

A 
-	pros
o	speed
o	full computer access
-	cons
o	portability
o	price
o	positioning
18
Q

AAC in the intensive care setting

A
  • Patient is sick and under stress
  • Sustaining life is priority
  • Staff time is limited
  • Sudden loss of communication
  • Infection control issues
  • Lots of other equipment
  • keep it as simple as possible
19
Q

o For a person with minimal voluntary movements what are some possibilities for yes/no responses?

A

 Thumbs up, blinking, switch

20
Q

MND and common variations

A
  • each affect different groups of nerves (UMN and LMN)
    o Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
    o Progressive bulbar palsy (PBP) – speech and swallowing
    o Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA)
21
Q

AAC in the context of Palliative Care

A
  • can be a ‘clearer’ AAC pathway
  • time constraints
  • referral to CCATS (service delivery)
22
Q

Broad Issues in MND

A
  • Need for flexibility and timely intervention
  • Maintaining decision making ability
  • Respect client’s decisions in relation to Assistive Technology - Client may prefer non-technological methods to maintain Attention & Companionship (Engage Communication Partner)
23
Q

Issues in Palliative Care

A
  • rate of deterioration
    o Keeping system up to date. Ability to change client’s interfacing strategy with minimal disruption. (Ideally Same Device - Different Interface)
    o Mounting Systems - Often fast functional solutions are preferable to elaborate long lead time solutions.
     Rate of training
     Client frustration
     Communication partner frustration
24
Q

Procedures and solutions for Palliative care

A
  • where to start – initial methods of communication
    o Writing/Voice Amplification
    o Alphabet or Phrase Chart (Direct Pointing)
    o Alphabet or Phrase Chart (Partner Scanning)
    o Partner Dependant Auditory Scanning
    o Communication Boards
     Eg. E-Tran Board
    o frequently used hardware for people with MND
     MegaBee
     Eyegaze
     Lightwriter SL40
     Ipad
     Allora 2

AAC exam (8 decks)

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