Week 6 Flashcards
african americans and colorectal cancer
+/- incidence?
mortality?
higher mortality than all other races
higher incidence except for AI/AN
patient has single first degree relative with colorectal cancer or an advanced adenoma diagnosed at less than 60 years of age. When do you screen the patient
40y/o or 10 years younger than affected relative’s age when diagnosed. Re-do every 5 years
same goes it you have had two first degree relatives with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma at ANY age
if someone has no first-degree relatives with CRC and had a normal scope, when do they get another?
10 years
five year survival for all stages combined esophageal cancer
15%
nitrates cause what type of cancer that she talked about
esophageal squamous cell
environmental causes of hepatocellular carcinoma in the us
vinyl chloride
anabolic steroids
most common cause of vom
infectious - rota and norovirus
common presentation of DKA in kids
vom
clinical presentation of DKA
polyuria polydipsia weight loss dehydration kussmaul respirations acetone breath altered mentation profound fatigue, irritability hyperglycemia metabolic acidosis
how to diagnose pyloric stenosis
ultrasound
vertical sausage shaped abdominal mass in a 1 year old
intussusception
meckel’s diverticulum
remnant of embryonic yolk sac lining similar to stomach most frequent congenital GI anomaly painless rectal bleeding may cause obstruction/intussusception Tx is surgical
2 years 2% 2 types of tissue 2 inches 2 feet from ileocecal valve
most acute diarrhea in america is what
viral gastroenteritis
mild watery diarrhea with a bright pink circle on gram stain
they were out of the country
cryptosporidium
pink thing is an oocyte
blood in stool - bacterial or viral
bac
number one cause of bacterial diarrhea in US
campylobacter
percent body weight lost for mild, moderate, and severe dehydration in kids
mild 3-5%
moderate 6-9%
severe 10+%
if a kid has lost 10% of his weight due to dehydration, what do you do
give 20mL per kg of Normal Saline or Normal Saline with 5% dextrose over a one hour period.
do you use antidiarrheals in kids?
no
antiemetic for kids
ondansetron
kid wont stop crying assc with drawing up the legs and gaseous distention
colic
1/5 infants
starts at 3 weeks, peaks at 6 weeks
kid has a family Hx of migraine, pallor, explosive diarrhea, lethargy, tachycardia
periodic syndrome or cyclic vomiting/abdominal migraine
headache is rare
encopresis
kids leak stool all day long
could be because they are constipated and stool leaks around it
could be just incontinence
absence of ganglion cells in the bowel beginning at the internal anal sphincter and extending proximally
hirschsprung’s
what should be avoided in children who are at risk for aspiration due to severe pulmonary complications
Mineral oil
