Week 6

Question 1

Which tree things does the WHO definition on quality of life take into account?

Answer 1

1) Culture & value system
2) Goals & expectations
3) Standards & norms

Question 2

Explain the four stages from the Morse & Johnsen stage model

Answer 2

Uncertainty
→ disruption
→ striving for recovery
→ restoration of well-being

Question 3

What three critiques are there on stage models

Answer 3

1) Can create (false) expectations
2) Don’t consider co-occurence of stages
3) Don’t consider moving for- and backwards

Question 4

Explain the crisis theory and his three processes after chronic illness diagnosis

Answer 4

Illness is a non-unique crisis, triggering non-unique coping strategies

1) Cognitive appraisal: appraise the implication of illness for your life
2) Adaptive tasks: you are required to perform illness-specific tasks (dealing with symptoms, managing relations with healthcare provider/ famility, facing uncertain future)
3) Coping skills: appraisal focused (denial, positive reappraisal), problem focused (information or support seeking) or emotion focused (mood regulation, emotional discharge)

Question 5

In which three stages do people adjust to someone having a chronic illness acording to McCubbin & Patterson

Answer 5

1) Resistance
2) Restructuring
3) Consolidation

Question 6

What can be four emotional and two psychical impacts on caregivers

Answer 6

Emotional
1) Emotional and physical demands of (long-term) caring
2) Financial drain
3) Inability to recharge the personal battery
4) Feelings of anger, guilt and grief

Physical
1) Immunological
2) Sleep

Question 7

By which four things are negative and positive effects on caregivers influenced?

Answer 7

1) Illness features (dementia)
2) Caregiver characteristics (culture, personality, attachment, appraisal stressor/ coping, use of social support, protective buffering)
3) Caregiver-patient relation (relational quality, spill over)
4) Dyadic perceptions (discrepancy care needs, coping and systemic-transactional model)