Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Extrinsic stains are stains that occur

A

On the external surface of the tooth

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2
Q

Black line stain is associated with

A

Iron/copper and sulfur complexes

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3
Q

Clients that have black stain tend to have saliva that has

A

Higher calcium concentrations and higher buffering capacity

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4
Q

Orange/yellow stain is associated with

A

Chromogenic bacteria from poor oral hygiene

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5
Q

Greenish stain is a result of accumulation of

A

Plaque
Pellicle
Food debris
And pigment producing bacteria

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6
Q

Light brown stain on the teeth are a result of what kind of antimicrobial mouth rinse

A

Chlorhexidine

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7
Q

Intrinsic stains are stains that occur

A

Within the tooth structure

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8
Q

A tetracycline stain results when the drug is administered to mother during what trimester

A

3rd trimester
-or to the child in infancy or early childhood

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9
Q

Tetracycline staining presents how on the teeth

A

Dark yellow to grey brown discolouration

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10
Q

Hypocalcification is usually seen as white, yellow or brownish discolouration and is associated with

A

High fever during enamel formation (metabolic cause)

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11
Q

Endogenous stain is acquired

A

During tooth development

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12
Q

Exogenous stain is acquired

A

After tooth eruption

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13
Q

What are the 2 whitening materials

A

Hydrogen peroxide
Carbamide peroxide

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14
Q

Whitening hydrogen peroxide can be delivered as what 3 things? What is the concentration

A

Liquid, varnish or gel
Concentration 5-40%

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15
Q

Carbamide peroxide is popular for home whitening. It can be delivered as? What is the concentration

A

Liquid or gel
10-35%

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16
Q

Carbamide peroxide is a _____ oxidizing agent than hydrogen peroxide

17
Q

Successful bleaching is dependant on ? (8)

A

Cause/type of stain
Degree/intensity of stain
Bleaching agent
Strength of bleaching agent
Duration of treatment
Bleaching technique
Vitality of tooth
Presence of cracks/restoration in tooth

18
Q

The 8 things successful bleaching is dependant on need to have what to determine

A

Radiographs and clinical examination

19
Q

What is an adversity of in office “power whitening” laser whitening

A

High intensity light and lasers might generate heat that can irritate the pulp and contribute to post treatment sensitivity

20
Q

What are the advantages of in office whitening

A

Quick results
Direct supervision
Elimination of compliance issues
Control over the process
Ability to discontinue trx if problems arise
Done for vital and non vital teeth

21
Q

Why should the teeth not be anesthetized during whitening

A

Need to have full feeling in order to determine is teeth are becoming too sensitive and if treatment should be stopped

22
Q

What is the “walking bleach” technique
bleaching of non vital teeth

A

Bleaching material is placed inside the pulp chamber where it stays for several days

23
Q

All internal whitening procedures require that a

A

Seal to be established at base of the endodontic access preparation
(Prevents whitening from leaking out)

24
Q

What should you be aware of with whitening of non vital teeth

A

External root resorption
-whitening agent can cause an inflammatory rxn in periodontal tissues

25
Home whitening- night guard bleaching is popular command cost effective. What is the concentration of carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide
10-45% carbamide peroxide 6-15% hydrogen peroxide (Treatment interval is much longer)
26
Potential side effects of bleaching
-Tooth sensitivity -Irritation to gingiva mucosa and throat -Soreness of the muscles of mastication and tmj joints from wearing whitening trays overnight
27
Some clients may be
Allergic to components of bleaching material
28
To prevent sensitivity and complications what should be done prior to whitening
Cavities should be filled * however may be done prior so place whiter composites
29
Enamel microbes on. Removed
Noncarious discolouration
30
In enamel microabrasion what is applied to discolouration for 1 minute then agitated with ribbed rubber cup for an additional one minute
An acid slurry made of flour of pumice and 6% hydrochloric acid
31
What are the indications for whitening
Discoloured teeth Surface staining Isolated brown or white discolouration shallow in the enamel
32
Contraindications of whitening
Allergy Pregnant/nursing Open carious lesions Cracked enamel Sensitive teeth Leaking restorations Under age 15
33
When fabricating a bleaching tray, you apply block out material. How many mm thick and how many mm from gingiva
O.5mm thick 1.5mm from gingiva
34
With the vacuum former heat tray until material sags 2.5 inches, activate reformer. How many mm do you trim tray from gingival margin
0.25mm-0.33mm