Week 6 Flashcards
Schizophrenia symptom classes
positive
disorganised
negative
cognitive
positive symptoms
hallucinations
delusions
disorganised symtpoms
disorganised thoughts and speech
disorganised or catatonic behaviour
negative symptoms
blunted affect
anhedonia
logia
avolition
sociality
cognitive symptoms
impairments in attention, memory and processing speed
hypnogogic
hallucinations when falling asleep
hypnopompic
hallucinations when waking up
DSM 5 SP
- 2+ present for significant amount of 1MO period (less if successfully treated): at least one must be delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech; and then also grossly disorganised/catatonic behaviour; negative symptoms
- level of functioning below normal
- disturbance persists for 6MO, with at least 1 MO with criterion 1 symptoms (active-phase symptoms) and may include prodromal or residual symptoms
- schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features ruled out
- disturbance not attributable to substance or medical condition
- if history of ASD or childhood onset communciation disorder, SP diagnosis only if prominent delusions or hallucinations also present for 1+ months
DSM5 Schizoaffective disorder
uninterrupted period of illness with major mood episode (major depressiove or manic) concurrent with criterion 1 of SP
delusions/hallucinations for 2+w in absence of major mood episode during lifetime illness duration
symptoms that meet criteria for a major mood episode are present for the majority of total duration of active and residual portions of illness
disturbance not attributable to substance or other medical condition
DSM5 Schizophreniform disorder
2+ of following for singificant portion of 1MO (less when treated): one of delusions, hallucinations; disorganised speech; and then also grossly disorganised/catatonic behaviour; negative symptoms
at least 1 MO but less than 6MO
Schizoaffective, MDD or BD with psychotic features ruled out
disturbance not attributable to substance or medical condition
DSM5 Brief psychotic disorder
1+ of following: at least one of one of delusions, hallucinations; disorganised speech; and then also grossly disorganised/catatonic behaviour
duration of episode at least 1D but less than 1M, eventual full return to premorbid function level
disturbance not better explained by MDD or BD with psychosis or another psychotic disorder, substance or medical condition
DSM5 Delusional disorder
1+ delusions for 1M or longer
Criterion 1 for SP never met (if hallucinations present, not prominent and related to delusions)
functioning not markedly impaired and behaviour not obviously bizarre
brief or no manic or MD episodes compared to duration of delusional periods
disturbance not attributable to substance, medical condition or another mental disorder
DSM5 schizotypal PD
pervasive social and interpersonal deficits with reduced capacity for cose relationships, eccentric behaviours from early adulthood across contexts, and 5+ of: ideas of reference; odd beliefs/magical thinking; unusual perceptual experiences; odd thinking and speech; suspiciousness or paranoid ideation; inappropriate/constricted affect; eccentric behaviour/appearance; lack of close friends, excessive social anxiety with paranoid fears
does not occur exclusively during course of SP, BD, MDD with psychosis, another psychotic disorder or ASD
SP 3 genetic contributors
de novo mutations
rare alleles of high risk
common alleles of low risk
de novo mutations
completely new variations in genetic code
rare alleles of high risk
at least 11 rare inherited copy number variations are associated with increased risk of SP
often associated with glutamate functioning (especially via NMDA receptor)
common alleles of low risk
at least 128 common polymorphisms account for approx. half genetic contribution to SP
neurotransmitter dysfunction in SP
excessive dopamine produces positive symptoms
NMDA receptors of glutamate also implicated
grey matter
cortex
white matter
axons with myelin
black partss
csf
Brain changes with SP
enlarged ventricles (CSF)- loss of brain cells
demyelination (reduced white matter)
medication
dopamine antagonists typically D2 dopamine receptor
some are serotonin antagonists: clozapine blocks 5-HT2A receptor
