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PSY3032 > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Urbach-Wiethe disease

A

entirely lesions both amygdalae
no fear experience
cant recognise fear in others’ faces
put self in dangerous sityations

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2
Q

assymetry of possible outcomes

A

real vs no danger
strong vs weak fear reaction

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3
Q

factors that increase general risk for anxiety disorders

A

behavioural conditioning
genetic vulnerability
disturbances in the activity in the fear circuit of the brain
decreased GABA and serotonin, increased norepinephrine
behavioural inhibition
neuroticism
cognitive factors- sustained negative beliefs; perceived lack of control and attention to cues of threat

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4
Q

prefrontal-amygdala connectivity

A

medial PFC fails to down regulate an overexcitable amygdala

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5
Q

personality risk factors

A

neuroticism
behavioural inhibition
intolerance of uncertainty
perfectionism

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6
Q

behavioural inhibition

A

tendency to experience anxiety responses in response to uncertain or unfamiliar stimuli

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7
Q

intolerance of uncertainty

A

tendency to treat uncertain situations as inherently aversive and act to avoid them

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8
Q

Barlow’s triple vulnerability model

A

Diathesis: generalised biological vulnerability; generalised psychological vulnerability; specific psychological vulnerability
stress: stressful life event

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9
Q

Barlow’s triple vulnerability model: generalised biological vulnerability

A

prefrontal-amygdala connectivity
neuroticism
tendency to panic

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10
Q

Barlow’s triple vulnerability model: generalised psychological vulnerability

A

ease of fear conditioning
lack of control
attention to threat

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11
Q

Barlow’s triple vulnerability model: specific psychological vulnerability

A

focus of anxiety (for phobias mainly)

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12
Q

DSM-5 TR diagnostic criteria for GAD

A
  1. apprehensive expectation; more days than not for at least 6MO, about many events
  2. difficult to control worry
  3. 3+ of these symptoms (some present more days than not for past 6MO): restlessness; easily fatigues; difficulty concentrating; irritability; muscle tension; sleep disturbance
  4. clinically significant distress or function impairment
  5. not attributed to substance effects or other medical condition
  6. not explained by another mental disorder
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13
Q

Benzodiazepines for GAD

A

increase GABA

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14
Q

ACT GAD

A

focuses on letting go of attempt to rid oneself of unpleasant thoughts

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15
Q

MCT GAD

A

focuses on our thought about thinking, emphasising positive metacognition rather than negative

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16
Q

Panic attack DSM-5 criteria

A

abrupt surge of intense dear/discomfort peaking within minutes
4+ of following: palpitations/increased HR; sweating; trembling; shortness of breath; choking feeling; chest pain; nausea; dizzy; chills; paresthesia; derealisation/depersonalisation; fear of dying

17
Q

Panic disorder DSM-5 criteria

A
  1. recurrent unexpected panic attacks
  2. at least one of the attacks has been followed by 1MO of either/both: persistent worry about more panic attacks and their consequences; maladaptive behaviour change related to attacks
  3. not attributed to substance/medical condition
  4. not explained better by another mental disorder
18
Q

aetiology of panic disorder

A

interoceptive conditioning
stronger biological sensitivity to norepinephrine

19
Q

DSM-5-TR Agoraphobia

A
  1. marked fear of 2+: PT; open space; closed space; crowd; outside home alone
  2. fear situations where escape difficulty or embarassing
  3. situation almost always provokes anxiety
  4. situation actively avoided; require companion; endured with intense anxiety
  5. out of proportion with actual danger/sociocultural context
  6. fear/anxiety/avoidance persistent, 6+ months
  7. causes significant distress or impairment in functioning
  8. if another medical condition present, fear/anxiety/avoidance clearly excessive
  9. not better explained by other mental disorder
20
Q

agoraphobia aetiology

A

fear of fear hypothesis
catastrophic beliefs that public anxiety/panic will lead to socially unacceptable consequences

21
Q

Specific phobia DSM-5-TR

A
  1. fear/anxiety about specific object/situation
  2. o/s almost always provokes it
  3. actively avoided/endured with intense anxiety
  4. out of proportion to actual danger/sociocultural context
  5. persistent 6+ months
  6. significant distress and function impairment
  7. not better explained by other mental disorder
22
Q

Social anxiety disorder DSM-5-TR

A
  1. fear/anxiety about situations involving exposure to scrutiny
  2. fears they will act in a way that is negatively evaluated
  3. almost always provokes anxiety
  4. avoided/endured with intense anxiety
  5. out of proportion to actual threat/SC context
  6. persistent, 6+ months
  7. causes distress and function impairment
  8. not attributed to substance/medical condition
  9. not explained better by other mental disorder
  10. if another medical condition present; fear, anxiety, avoidance clearly unrelated or excessive

PSY3032 (12 decks)

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