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NURS 3514 Mental Health & Illness > Week 5 Suicide and crisis > Flashcards

Week 5 Suicide and crisis Flashcards

1
Q

What is crisis theory depicted by?

A

balance vs disequalibrium

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2
Q

What is crisis?

A
  • psychological disequalibrium in response to an obstacle or problem, threat, or stressful event
  • usual coping is ineffective
  • acute emotional turmoil (anxiety, tension rises)
  • Functional impairment
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3
Q

What are the 3 types of crisis?

A

Situation
Developmental
Adventitious

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4
Q

What are the 4 phases of crisis?

A
  1. Initial crisis
  2. Trial & Error
  3. Escalation
  4. Breakdown and Disorganization
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5
Q

What are the details about phase 1 of initial crisis?

A
  • anxiety helps to get problem solving going
  • defense mechanisms kick in - in response to the problem or conflict
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6
Q

What are the details about phase 2 of Trial & error?

A
  • *functional impairment
  • *people seek advice
  • try diff behaviours
  • anxiety produces feelings of extreme discomfort and disorganization
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7
Q

What are the details around phase 3- escalation?

A
  • Anxiety is now at severe panic levels
  • automatic relief behaviours are used like fight/flight/freeze
  • extreme measures
  • frantic
  • urgency
  • can’t find solution - feel out of control
  • turn to alcohol & other substances
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8
Q

what are the details about stage 4 breakdown and disorganization?

A

*safety risk
- coping is ineffective
- possible mental health emergency
- safety risk to self or others potentially
- *need professional help to help resolve long term psychological damage

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9
Q

What is the goal of crisis intervention?

A
  • time limited 4-6 weeks
  • pre-crisis level of functioning
  • new coping skills gained
  • nurse role is active and directive
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10
Q

What 3 things are needed to achieve equalibrium?

A
  1. realistic perception of event
  2. adequate situational support
  3. adequate coping mechanisms.
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11
Q

What are the 4 R’s of crisis intervention?

A

*Resolve immediate problem (focus on immediate crisis)

Regain emotional equilibrium (help them see options and strengthen their ability to cope)

Return to previous/higher level of functioning

*Risk alert - suicide

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12
Q

In Robert’s seven stage model of crisis intervention, when does Crisis resolution occur?

A

Right after develop and formulate an action plan.
Before Follow up plan and agreement

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13
Q

What are Robert’s 7 stages of crisis intervention ?

A
  1. Plan & do crisis assessment (ask about self/other harm)
  2. establish rapport and relationship quickly - what happened, precipitating factors, coping, situational supports
  3. identify the major crisis
  4. Deal with feelings/emotions (attentive listening)
  5. Think of and explore alternative options
  6. develop and make action plan
  7. follow up plan and agreement
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14
Q

What are the steps to problem-solving approach?

A
  1. define the problem
  2. analyze how the person views the problem. resources? big issue or small?
  3. alternatives and consequences
  4. Pros and cons
  5. take action on client decision, referrals, positive reinforcement
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15
Q

What type of approach can help when someone is feeling overwhelmed or to avoid feeling overwhelmed?

A

Problem-solving approach

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16
Q

Who do we conduct an MSE on?

A

EVERYONE!

17
Q

in low & middle income countries what are the most common ways people attempt suicide?

A

pesticide poisoning (rural)
hanging (accessibility and lethality)
firearms

18
Q

What is the 9th leading cause of death in Canada?

A

suicide

18
Q

Research shows that if you _______ access to common methods of suicide then it helps stop people from attempting suicide.

A

restrict

19
Q

Does lethality increase or decrease with age and why?

A

increases with age
stronger intent to die - especially older men

20
Q

Is the suicidal risk over when an individual shows improvement in mood?

A

no - still a risk factor there

21
Q

What are some warning signs for suicide?

A

IS PATH WARM
I-Ideation
S-Substance Abuse
P-Purposelessness
A-Anxiety
T-Trapped
H-Hopelessness
W-Withdrawal
A-Anger
R-Recklessness
M-Mood Change

22
Q

What is the SRA (suicide risk assessment) for?

A

-standardize documentation
- communication btwn HCP
- it’s through and comprehensive

23
Q

What does the SRA include?

A
  1. reason for assessment or reassessment
  2. risk factors
  3. protective factors
  4. suicide inquiry
  5. interventions
  6. next reassessment
24
Q

What are 4 main risk factors for suicide?

A
  • suicidal behaviour
  • current/past psychiatric disorders
  • key symptoms
  • family history of suicide
25
Q

What are internal protective factors for suicide prevention?

A
  • coping strategies
  • religious beliefs
  • frustration tolerance
26
Q

What are external protective factors for suicide prevention?

A
  • responsible for children or pets
  • positive therapeutic relationships
  • social supports
  • responsibilities at work
27
Q

When do we complete a SRA?

A
  1. admission to the unit
  2. change in status
  3. discharge
  4. leaving for a pass
  5. coming back from a pass
28
Q

What are the 3 things we focus on for suicide intervention?

A
  1. immediate safety needs
  2. mitigating risk factors
  3. strengthen protective factors
29
Q

how do we help patients avoid agitation and the need for seclusion or restraints?

A

Safety plan
- potential triggers/warning signs
- coping strategies
- protective factors
- plan of action to take for increased suicideal thoughts

NURS 3514 Mental Health & Illness (7 decks)

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