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NURS 3514 Mental Health & Illness > Week 1 intro to Mental health & illness > Flashcards

Week 1 intro to Mental health & illness Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 traits are critical to mental health?

A

Adaptability
resilience

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2
Q

What is mental health?

A

well being
person feels like they can
- cope
- knows their abilities
- work productively
- contribute to the community

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3
Q

What is resilience?

A

the ability to manage or cope with significant adversity or stress.
-builds so we can make it through future challenges

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4
Q

Some risks/challenges to mental health

A
  • chaotic, unsafe or dangerous environments
  • early losses or traumas
  • loss of social support
  • experiences that undermine self-confidence
  • unhealthy social conditions
  • chronic illness
  • genetic causes
  • biochemical causes
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5
Q

Mental health problem/challenge

A

Diminished capacities – whether cognitive, emotional, interpersonal, etc. that interfere with a person’s enjoyment of life ..”

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6
Q

Mental illness

A

All diagnosable mental disorders with definable diagnoses

Alterations in
-cognition (alzhiemers),
-mood (major depressive do) - behaviour (schizophrenia) that are

coupled with significant distress and impaired functioning

Can vary in impact, ranging from no impairment to mild, moderate, and even severe

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7
Q

Serious mental illness (hospitalized)

A

A mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder resulting in serious functional impairment, which substantially interferes with or limits one or more major life activities.
intensive therapy

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8
Q

What is the goal of serious (hospital) mental illness?

A

improve function

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9
Q

what was the intent of the DSM-5?

A

to provide criteria and constant between health care providers

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10
Q

what are some cons to the DSM5?

A

misunderstandings with class, culture, gender, misdiagnosis, labeling

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11
Q

What was the first model of care for people with mental illness?

A

Mad house/insane assylums

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12
Q

what was the second model of care for people with mental illness?

A

Moral treatment
goal is to provide humane treatment
stopped abuse
straight jackets and force feedings were thought to be therapeutic

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13
Q

What was the third model of care for people with mental illness?

A

Social reform
Dix
asylums for treating people so they wouldn’t be with criminals

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14
Q

What act kept people in assylums?

A

The insanity act

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15
Q

What was the goal of manitoba’s assylums and what actually happened?

A

goal: treatment
actual: overcrowding & mistreatment & abuse

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16
Q

What model of care prevailed before the 1950s?

A

Medical model of care
nurses provided custodial care only

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17
Q

Who published the theory of interpersonal relations in 1952?

A

Hildegard Peplau

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18
Q

what theory described the central role of nursing in care via the therapeutic nurse-client relationship?

A

The theory of interpersonal relations

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19
Q

What are the 4 tenants of deinstitutionalzation?

A
  1. Effective medications
  2. Canadian mental health association
  3. Government Support
  4. Patient rights - Canada Health act, manitoba mental health act
20
Q

What was the point of psychoanalytical theory?

A

personality & mental illness from unresolved issues in childhood

20
Q

What is the point of humanistic theory?

A

people are good
self actualization
maslow’s hierarchy

21
Q

what is the purpose of behavioural theories?

A

pavlov
motivation in behaviour change
psych ward happens a lot here

22
Q

What’s the point of cognitive theory?

A

thoughts before actions
CBT
challenge negative thoughts

23
Q

WHat’s the point of biological theories?

A

neurological
chemical
genetic
all part of disease process
psychopharm

24
Q

What is stigma?

A

“negative attitudes or behaviours toward a person or group based on a belief that they possess negative traits”​
​ Halter, Pollard & Jakubec (2019, p. 746)​ ​
​
Often, the stigma of mental illness has a greater negative impact on an individual than the illness itself.

25
Q

What are the 9 aspects of stigma?

A

Public or social stigma - stereotypig

labelling - watching how we talk about mental illnesses

Avoidance of seeking care - 60% won’t get help b/c of stigma

separating “them” from “us”
subconsious. actions show what we are thinking

stigma by HCP - drug seeking

self-stigma

Discrimination - employment/housing - jobs, addiction recovery centre

cultural variations

research funding - more given to others ,not mental health

26
Q

why do we learn the history of psychiatric care?

A

to help us reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental illness and/or mental health problems

27
Q

what theory emerged when stigma was challenged and is foundational to the provision of nursing care in Mental Health ?

A

Recovery & the philosophy of Recovery Oriented practice

28
Q

who controls things in the bio medical model?

A

Top Down Approach​- psychiatrist tells patients what to do or what to take. But now the person is involved in directing their path

29
Q

What is the goal of recovery-oriented practice?

A

Maximum functioning
not a cure

30
Q

Who is in control with recovery - oriented practice?

A

The patient - their lived experience
they take control and regain power - needed for self-dignity and self-determiniation

31
Q

Is recovery oriented practice a destination with an end point or a path?

A

a path
meaning, hope, purpose, fullfilling their dreams

32
Q

what do mental health care workers need to tap into in the recovery-oriented practice?

A

the person’s potential of recovery

33
Q

Is recovery linear or non-linear?

A

non-linear

34
Q

What is the cornerstone of care in the recovery model?

A

empathy

35
Q

aspects of psychoanylitic/psychodynamic theroies

A
  • freud
  • conscious and unconscious
  • nurse can show empathy and ask about past patterns
36
Q

What are defense mechanisms?

A

ward off anxiety
prevents conscious awareness of threatening feelings
- unconscious level
- deny, falsify or distort reality

37
Q

repression

A

not allowing yourself to feel

38
Q

suppression

A

putting feelings out of your consciousness

39
Q

transference

A

patient feels about the nurse as they do about the significant other in their past

40
Q

counter transference

A

the nurses’ unconscious response to the patient
- reminds them of someone from their personal life so they may feel angry or overprotective

41
Q

Aspects of interpersonal theory

A
  • personality = behaviour we see in interpersonal relationships
  • anything interpersonal like group therapy etc is good
    Sullivan, Stack, Peplau
  • Peplau - observation, interpretation and intervention - therapeutic method
42
Q

Aspects of behaviour theories

A

pavlov, skinner, watson
- personality is just learned behaviours
-someone’s destiny is not carved in stone at an early age as psychoanalysts believed

43
Q

Aspects of cognitive theories

A

Beck, Ellis
Ellis - REBT
Beck- CBT
cognitions are based on attitudes or assumptions from previous experiences
- cognitive distortions

44
Q

Aspects of humanistic theories

A

Abraham, maslow, rogers
- human potential and free will to choose patterns that are supportive of growth
- self-actualization
- patient’s strengths
- *must meet physiological needs first - food, comfort, shelter
- congruence, positive regard, unconditional acceptance

45
Q

Aspects of biological theories

A
  • neurological, chemical, biological genetic
  • brain & body interact with create emotions, memories and perceptual experience
  • in the limbic system of the brain
    caution
  • ignores other influences, social, environmental, cultural, economic, spiritual, educational

NURS 3514 Mental Health & Illness (7 decks)

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