Week 5: Proteins Flashcards
What are macromolecules?
Large molecules made up of smaller subunits.
Types of macromolecules (4)
Polysaccharide (carbohydrates)
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Proteins are made from many ___, linked together by.
Amino acids, linked together by peptide bonds.
Protein function is directly linked to?
Protein structure.
The function of a protein nearly always involves?
Binding in a complementary manner
Proteins have long chains of amino acids. How many different acids can be used?
20
What is a peptide bond?
Bond between two adjacent amino acids
If polypeptide chains consist of more than 100 amino acids, they are called?
proteins
Proteins carry out it’s function by?
Recognising and binding to another specific molecule.
Proteins have a unique shape that is __________ to the particular molecule they need to bind to.
Complementary.
Different levels of organisation? (4)
Primary structure
Secondary structure
Tertiary structure
Quaternary structure
What is involved with the primary structure?
- Sequence of amino acids
- Adjacent amino acids are held together by peptide bonds
What is involved with the secondary structure?
- § The coiling or folding that contributes to the shape of the protein
- Weak hydrogen bonds form between hydrogen of 1 amino acid and the oxygen of a different amino acid nearby to form a coil
What is involved with the tertiary structure?
- Polypeptide chains bend and fold to produce 3-dimensional shape
- Formed and stabilized by weak chemical bonds between functional groups
- Each type of protein has it’s own characteristic tertiary structure
What is involved with the quaternary structure?
- Number of polypeptide chains covalently linked together.
