Week 5 - Power, Ethics and Influence Flashcards
Define Power (Mintzberg, 1983)
is the ability of one person or group to cause another person or group to do something that they otherwise might not have done.
What are the two types of power?
- Positional (formal) power
- Personal Power
What is positional(formal) power? (Yukl, 2019)
includes potential influence derived from legitimate authority to make important decisions, control over the use of resources and access to information, and control over the use of rewards and punishments.
What is personal power? (Yukl, 2019)
includes potential influence derived from agent expertise and friendship with the target person.
What are the 3 Positional(formal) basises of individual power (French & Raven, 1959?
- Legitimate Power: the power to control and use organisational resources to accomplish organisational goals
- Reward Power: the power to give pay raises, promotion, praise, interesting projects, and other rewards to subordinates
- Coercive power: the power to give or withhold punishment
What are the 3 personal basis of individual power (French & Raven, 1959?
- Expert Power: informal power that stems from superior ability/expertise
- Referent Power: informal power that stems from being liked, admired, and respected
- Information Power: the power that stems from access to and control over information
What are the 3 general types of influence tactics? (Yukl, 2019)
- Impression Management Tactics
- Political Tactics
- Proactive tactics
What are Impression management tactics? - Influence tactics (Yukl,2019)
are tactics intended to influence people to like the agent (e.g., provide praise, act friendly, offer assistance) or to have a favourable evaluation of the agent (e.g., describe past achievements).
What are Political Tactics? - Influence Tactics (Yukl, 2019)
are used to influence organizational decisions or otherwise gain benefits for an individual or group.
What are proactive tactics? - influence tactics (Yukl, 2019)
These tactics have an immediate task objective, such as getting the target person to carry out a new task, change the procedures used for a current task, provide assistance on a project, or support a proposed change.
Why/How might people be influenced? (3)
- Instrumental compliance – Rewards and exchanges.
- Internalization – Value congruence and commitment.
- Personal identification – Need for acceptance and approval.
What are the 3 influence outcomes for proactive influence tactics? (Yukl, 2019)
- Commitment: The target person makes a great effort to carry out the request or implement the decision effectively.
- Compliance: The target person is willing to carry out a request but is not enthusiastic about it and will make only a minimal effort.
- Resistant: The target person is opposed to the proposal or request, rather than merely indifferent about it.
State 11 proactive influence tactics (Yukl, 2019)
Summary of the finding around proactive influence tactics (Yukl, 2019)
Which factors impact the effectiveness of influence tactics? (8)
- Type of agent-target relationship
- Agent’s power and authority
- Agent’s interpersonal skills
- Extent to which the request is seen as acceptable
- Direction
- Sequencing
- Organisational culture
- Target’s characteristics